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To measure flow rate, the float method (also known as the cross-sectional method) is used. It is found by
multiplying a cross sectional area of the stream by the velocity of the water. 

To measure the flow rate using the float method:

1. Locate a spot in the stream that will act as the cross section of the stream.
2. Using a meter stick, or some other means of measurement, measure the depth of the stream at

equal intervals along the width of the stream. Once this data is gathered, multiply each depth by the

interval it was taken in and add all the amounts together. This calculation is the area of a cross

section of the stream. 

3. Decide on a length of the stream, typically longer than the width of the river, to send a floating object

down. 

4. Using a stopwatch, measure the time it takes the float to travel down the length of stream. 

5. Repeat it 5-10 times and determine the average time taken for the float to travel the stream. Throw

the float into the water at different distances from the shoreline in order to gain a more accurate
average.

6. Divide the stream length by the average time to determine the average velocity of the stream.
7. Alternatively use a water flow velocity meter to measure the speed.

8. The velocity must be multiplied by a friction correction factor. Since the top of a stream flows faster

than the bottom due to friction against the stream bed, the friction correction factor evens out the
flow. For rough or rocky bottoms, multiply the velocity by 0.85. For smooth, muddy, sandy, or

smooth bedrock conditions, multiply the velocity by a correction factor of 0.9. 

9. The corrected velocity multiplied by the cross sectional area yields the flow rate in volume/time.

(Be sure to keep consistent units of length/distance when measuring the cross section and the

velocity e.g. meters, feet).

To measure the water flow velocity perform steps 3-7.

https://www.appropedia.org/How_to_measure_stream_flow_rate

 

What are considered to be the maximum feasible distances for transmission wire run?

This depends on the scale of the system, the power available, cost of alternatives, the system voltage, and

the terrain, among other factors. 

There are too many variables involved to generalize on distance limits. Financial feasibility is usually the

governing factor. How much is the power worth? Note that transmitting small amounts of energy, such as
an energy-efficient household would use, can be pretty inexpensive over long distances.

Every   site   is   unique,   and   careful   balancing   of   factors   is   required.   Ultimately,   the   maximum   feasible
distance is directly related to the depth of your checkbook and what is “worth it” to you.

Bigger diameter wires allow for longer distances but they also cost more.

What are the advantages of the SETUR system compared to other renewable electricity systems

(wind turbine, PV array)?

SETUR system will generate continuously, if it has a constant water supply. This alone is a significant

advantage over either wind or solar power because a battery bank may not be required, and a smaller
battery bank will suffice if one is needed. 

Vortex Hydrokinetics LLC © 2019 

SETUR-M User's Manual -  Rev. 2M-A

Page 19 of 24

Summary of Contents for SETUR-L

Page 1: ...SETUR m Hydraulic Vortex Turbine user s manual Vortex Hydrokinetics LLC 2019 SETUR M User s Manual Rev 2M A Page 1 of 24...

Page 2: ...the turbine Vortex Hydrokinetics LLC will not be liable for it DISCLAIMER UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO IN WRITING VORTEX HYDROKINETICS LLC a MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY SUFFICIENCY OR SUITAB...

Page 3: ...SAFETY HAZARDS Although SETUR turbine uses bladeless rotor the main spherical rotor is a potential mechanical safety risk When the turbine is operating the rotor performs precession movements at a re...

Page 4: ...ORTANT Ensure that you have followed the cable sizing requirements to ensure that the correct size of transmission cable has been selected If a cable of insufficient cross sectional area is used heat...

Page 5: ...mage Make sure all fasteners are installed and properly tightened Do not operate or work on the equipment if mentally or physically impaired or after consumption of alcohol or drugs Under no circumsta...

Page 6: ...ted lifetime warranty 9 Warranty exclusions 9 Procedures for obtaining warranty service 11 Serial numbers 12 Regulations and compliance 12 Installation 12 Requirements 12 Getting ready 13 Electrical w...

Page 7: ...nternational awards since 2008 including Ecological Oscar E On Energy Globe Award in 2014 SETUR turbine is a versatile power generation system suitable for a wide range of applications It can be succe...

Page 8: ...kW Rated voltage AC 50 Hz EU 60 Hz USA 1 phase 240 V EU 120 V USA Maximum continuous output current 8 A Generator type Permanent magnet generator h 1 m or v 4 m s 65 l s Water flow intake free flow o...

Page 9: ...place those which have proven defective in materials or workmanship The product owner is responsible for the payment at current rates for any service or repair outside the scope of this limited warran...

Page 10: ...thorization in writing Under no circumstances will Vortex Hydrokinetics LLC be responsible for any refund or remuneration exceeding the original purchase price of the product less any shipping fees Vo...

Page 11: ...to ship your item Vortex Hydrokinetics LLC will not accept any shipments without a RMA number 5 Pack the item in its original box or another well protected box as will be outlined in the Return Shippi...

Page 12: ...ia a pipe Turbine must be installed in clean water free of any corrosive and dangerous chemicals as well as debris Turbine can be installed either vertically or horizontally Turbine must be safely ins...

Page 13: ...sure that all boxes are not damaged Check part conformity with the delivery list and ensure there are no damaged or defective parts should there be any please inform Vortex Hydrokinetics LLC immediat...

Page 14: ...r do not touch it until it has cooled down to ambient temperature The turbine is equipped with a waterproof power connector located on the generator enclosure It consists of a bulkhead connector attac...

Page 15: ...roller and system monitoring solution in one device WARNING An electric shock can be fatal High danger due to grid voltage and voltage from the turbine that is operational SYSTEM WIRING Each SETUR M i...

Page 16: ...ed injured or killed due to connecting this system by yourself and or disregarding the warnings and instructions provided in this and inverter s user s manuals or if you connect this equipment incorre...

Page 17: ...much for you if there is no head or gradient there is no flow velocity there is no power If you double the head you double the power available Higher hydraulic head is the least expensive way to gene...

Page 18: ...ater into a canal with a small dam to create some head Obviously water that is not moving has no energy in it And water that is being pumped is not a source of renewable energy since it takes more ene...

Page 19: ...city by 0 85 For smooth muddy sandy or smooth bedrock conditions multiply the velocity by a correction factor of 0 9 9 The corrected velocity multiplied by the cross sectional area yields the flow rat...

Page 20: ...ments of head flow and distances Protection of the turbine from slides debris excessive water pressure and other physical damage Permitting and regulatory issues Freezing conditions i e ice plugging s...

Page 21: ...chance of fish leaves debris etc entering the turbine Your local wildlife protection authorities might have specific requirements as to the size of the mesh screen Please refer to any rules and regula...

Page 22: ...or mill Whatever your mounting choice is the SETUR turbine must be safely attached to a solid structure that prevents any movement slippage fall or detachment It is best to wait until your turbine ha...

Page 23: ...ach or touch the turbine during the operation Always shut down the turbine before any maintenance work COMMISSIONING Check and if necessary tighten all fasteners and electrical contacts before deployi...

Page 24: ...spare parts and repairs contact Vortex Hydrokinetics LLC 1825 NW Corporate Blvd Ste 110 Boca Raton FL 33431 USA Tel 1 561 801 7698 Fax 1 561 807 9058 e mail support vortexhydro com Vortex Hydrokinetic...

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