6.1.2
Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO)
Residual fuel grades are referred to as HFO (Heavy Fuel Oil). The fuel specification HFO 2
covers the categories ISO-F-RMA 10 to RMK 700. Fuels fulfilling the specification HFO 1
permit longer overhaul intervals of specific engine components than HFO 2.
Table 6-2
HFO specifications
Test method ref.
Limit HFO 2
Limit HFO 1
Unit
Property
16...24
16...24
cSt
Viscosity, before injection pumps
1)
ISO 3104
700
700
cSt
Viscosity at 50°C, max.
ISO 3675 or 12185
991 / 1010
2)
991 / 1010
2)
kg/m³
Density at 15°C, max.
ISO 8217, Annex F
870
850
CCAI, max.
3)
ISO 8754 or 14596
Statutory requirements
% mass
Sulphur, max.
4) 5)
ISO 2719
60
60
°C
Flash point, min.
IP 570
2
2
mg/kg
Hydrogen sulfide, max.
6)
ASTM D664
2.5
2.5
mg KOH/g
Acid number, max.
ISO 10307-2
0.1
0.1
% mass
Total sediment aged, max.
ISO 10370
20
15
% mass
Carbon residue, micro method, max.
ASTM D 3279
14
8
% mass
Asphaltenes, max.
1)
ISO 3016
30
30
°C
Pour point (upper), max.
7)
ISO 3733 or ASTM
D6304-C
1)
0.5
0.5
% volume
Water, max.
ISO 3733 or ASTM
D6304-C
1)
0.3
0.3
% volume
Water before engine, max.
1)
ISO 6245 or LP1001
1)
0.15
0.05
% mass
Ash, max.
ISO 14597 or IP 501
or IP 470
450
100
mg/kg
Vanadium, max.
5)
IP 501 or IP 470
100
50
mg/kg
Sodium, max.
5)
IP 501 or IP 470
30
30
mg/kg
Sodium before engine, max.
1) 5)
ISO 10478 or IP 501
or IP 470
60
30
mg/kg
Alu Silicon, max.
ISO 10478 or IP 501
or IP 470
15
15
mg/kg
Alu Silicon before engine, max.
1)
IP 501 or IP 470
30
30
mg/kg
Used lubricating oil, calcium, max.
8)
IP 501 or IP 470
15
15
mg/kg
Used lubricating oil, zinc, max.
8)
IP 501 or IP 500
15
15
mg/kg
Used lubricating oil, phosphorus, max.
8)
Remarks:
Additional properties specified by Wärtsilä, which are not included in the ISO specification.
1)
Max. 1010 kg/m³ at 15°C provided that the fuel treatment system can remove water and solids (sediment, sodium, aluminium,
silicon) before the engine to specified levels.
2)
Straight run residues show CCAI values in the 770 to 840 range and have very good ignition quality. Cracked residues delivered
as bunkers may range from 840 to - in exceptional cases - above 900. Most bunkers remain in the max. 850 to 870 range at
the moment. CCAI value cannot always be considered as an accurate tool to determine the ignition properties of the fuel,
especially concerning fuels originating from modern and more complex refinery process.
3)
The max. sulphur content must be defined in accordance with relevant statutory limitations.
4)
Sodium contributes to hot corrosion on the exhaust valves when combined with high sulphur and vanadium contents. Sodium
also strongly contributes to fouling of the exhaust gas turbine blading at high loads. The aggressiveness of the fuel depends
on its proportions of sodium and vanadium and also on the total amount of ash. Hot corrosion and deposit formation are,
however, also influenced by other ash constituents. It is therefore difficult to set strict limits based only on the sodium and
vanadium content of the fuel. Also a fuel with lower sodium and vanadium contents than specified above, can cause hot
corrosion on engine components.
5)
The implementation date for compliance with the limit shall be 1 July 2012. Until that, the specified value is given for guidance.
6)
It shall be ensured that the pour point is suitable for the equipment on board, especially if the ship operates in cold climates.
7)
Wärtsilä 26 Product Guide - a9 - 7 September 2016
6-3
6. Fuel Oil System
Wärtsilä 26 Product Guide
Summary of Contents for WARTSILA 26
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