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Yingli Solar PV Modules, Installation and User Manual 

page 3

Figure 4: Wire loop design recommendation

Series wiring (voltage additive)

Parallel wiring (current additive)

of lightning induced voltage surges.

E L E C T R I C A L   I N S TA L L AT I O N

Electrical Configuration

Under normal conditions, a photovoltaic module is likely to experience 
conditions that produce more current and/or voltage than reported at Standard 
Test Conditions (STC: 1000 W/m

2

, AM 1.5, and 25°C cell temperature). The 

short-circuit current (ISC) should be multiplied by a factor of 1.25 and the open-
circuit voltage (VOC) should be multiplied by a factor of up to 1.25 based on 
the lowest ambient temperature recorded for the installation location when 
determining component voltage ratings, conductor current ratings, fuse sizes, 
and size of controls connected to the PV output. 

Voltages are additive when PV modules are connected directly in series, 
and module currents are additive when PV modules are connected directly 
in parallel, as illustrated in Figure 5. PV modules with different electrical 
characteristics must not be connected directly in series. The use of suitable 
third-party electronic devices connected to PV modules may enable different 
electrical connections and must be installed according to the manufacturer’s 
specified instructions.

 

Figure 5: Electrical diagrams of series and parallel wiring

The maximum number of PV modules that can be connected in a series string 
must be calculated in accordance with applicable regulations in such a way that 
the specified maximum system voltage of the PV module and all other electrical 
DC components will not be exceeded in open-circuit operation at the lowest 
temperature expected at the PV system location.

An appropriately rated overcurrent protection device must be used when the 
reverse current could exceed the value of the maximum fuse rating of the 
module. An over current protection device and  anti-reflection diode module  
are required for each series string if more than two series strings are connected 
in parallel.and reverse polarity  is forbidden.

Cables and Wiring

Yingli Solar PV modules are provided with two (2) stranded, sunlight 
resistant output cables that are terminated with PV connectors ready for 
most installations. The positive (+) terminal has a female connector while the 
negative (-) terminal has a male connector. The module wiring is intended for 

series connections [i.e. female (+) to male (-) interconnections], but can also be 
used to connect suitable third-party electrical devices that may have alternative 
wiring configurations so long as the manufacturer’s instructions are followed. 

Use field wiring with suitable cross-sectional areas that are approved for use at 
the maximum short-circuit current of the PV module. Yingli Solar recommends 
installers use only sunlight resistant cables qualified for direct current (DC) 
wiring in PV systems. The minimum wire size should be 4mm

2

.

Table 1: Required minimum field wiring specifications

Testing Standard

Wire Size

Temperature Rating

Required Minimum Field Wiring

EN 50618

4mm

2

-40ºC to +90ºC

                

 

 

Cables should be fixed to the mounting structure in such a way that mechanical 
damage of the cable and/or the module is avoided. Do not apply stress to the 
cables. Do not bend cables to a bending radius of less than 40mm. For fixing, 
use appropriate means, such as sunlight resistant cable ties and/or wire 
management clips specifically designed to attach to the PV module frame. 
While the cables are sunlight resistant and waterproof, where possible, avoid 
direct sunlight exposure and water immersion of the cables.

Connectors

Keep connectors dry and clean, and ensure that 
connector caps are hand tight before connecting 
the modules. Do not attempt making an electrical 
connection with wet, soiled, or otherwise faulty 
connectors. Avoid sunlight exposure and water 
immersion of the connectors. Avoid connectors resting 

on the ground or roof surface. 

Faulty connections can result in arcs and electrical shock. Check that all electrical 
connections are securely fastened. Make sure that all locking connectors are 
fully engaged and locked. 

Modules must not be interconnected using connectors from different 
manufacturers and / or of different types. If modules having such different 
connectors need to be interconnected, a qualified professional may replace 
connectors according to the manufacturers’ specified instructions such that an 
interconnection can be made with connectors from the same manufacturer and 
the same type.

Figure 6: Series interconnection of a male (-) and female (+) connector

Bypass Diodes

The junction boxes used with Yingli Solar PV modules (not Smart Hot Spot Free 
module) contain bypass diodes wired in parallel with the PV cell strings. In the 
case of partial shading, the diodes bypass the current generated by the non-
shaded cells, thereby limiting module heating and performance losses. Bypass 
diodes are not overcurrent protection devices. 

Bypass diodes divert current from the cell strings in the event of partial shading. 
See Figure 7-1 for a diagram showing how the cell strings are electrically 
connected with the diodes.

Every piece of cells from Yingli Smart Hot Spot Free module parallels 
a diode, with a cell is covered by shade or occurs an excepion, the 
paralleled diode can bypass this cell, thus avoid hot spot, and can retain 
the maximum power output.
Bypass diodes divert current from a cell in the event of partial shading, See 

figure 7-2 for a diagram showing how the cells are electricallly connected 

with the diodes.

Fully engage and lock

Cap

+

Summary of Contents for 1500V 1/2

Page 1: ...n laboratory This Installation and User Manual is available in different languages In cases of discrepancy between versions the English language version shall control Failure to comply with the requir...

Page 2: ...g so may degrade performance or cause irreparable damage and will void any applicable warranties If it is necessary to store PV modules prior to installation the PV modules should remain inside the pa...

Page 3: ...that are approved for use at the maximum short circuit current of the PV module Yingli Solar recommends installers use only sunlight resistant cables qualified for direct current DC wiring in PV syst...

Page 4: ...1703 Flat Plate Photovoltaic Modules and Panels recommends metal combinations not exceed an electrochemical potential difference of 0 5 Volts The frame rails have pre drilled holes marked with a grou...

Page 5: ...s steel bolts nuts and washers The torque of screw tightening should between 14N m to 20N m Figure 11 Detail of a bolt mounting attachment Figure 12 1 Mounting rails must run perpendicularly to the lo...

Page 6: ...ngli Solar PV modules are designed to withstand high snow loads However if removing snow is desired to enhance production use a brush to gently remove snow Do not try to remove frozen snow or ice from...

Page 7: ...YL295P 29b YL345P 35b YL300D 30b 1500V YL360D 36b 1500V YL300P 29b 1500V YL330P 35b 1500V YL300P 29b YL350P 35b YL305D 30b 1500V YL365D 36b 1500V YL305P 29b 1500V YL335P 35b 1500V YL305P 29b YL355P 3...

Page 8: ...1500V YGE 144 Cell half Cell YGE 144 Cell half Cell 1500V YLM 120 Cell half Cell YLM 120 Cell half Cell 1500V YGE 72 Cell Series 2 HSF Smart YGE 120 Cell half Cell YGE 120 Cell half Cell 1500V YLM 72...

Page 9: ...72 Cell Series 2 HSF Smart YLM 144 Cell half Cell also valid for YLM 72 Cell HSF Smart also valid for YGE 144 Cell Half cell YGE 144 cell half cell 1500V YGE 72 Cell Series 2 YLM 72 Cell REAR AND SIDE...

Page 10: ...tion and User Manual page 10 YGE 60 Cell Series 2 Frame Cross Section REAR AND SIDE VIEW DIMENSIONS OF MODULE SERIES WITH 35MM FRAME UNITS mm Legend Legend Grounding holes Mounting holes Drainage hole...

Page 11: ...art YLM 120 Cell half Cell also valid for YLM 60 Cell HSF Smart also valid for YGE 120 Cell Half cell YGE 120 cell half cell 1500V YINGLISOLAR COM Yingli Energy China Co Ltd service yingli com Service...

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