Zenith Z-200 series, Owner'S Manual

Page 1: ...Z 200 PC Series Computers Owner s Manual...

Page 2: ...business automation package Combined with Zenith Data Systems soft ware your personal computer can easily provide practical and affordable solutions to many of your business problems It can satisfy a...

Page 3: ...optional Winchester drive Instructions for making backup copies of disks and configuring the system for printers are also covered Chapter 3 In the extreme case where your computer does not seem to wo...

Page 4: ...eys 1 11 Control Keys 1 12 Calculator Keyboard Operation 1 14 Keyboard Adjustment 1 15 The SETUP Program 1 16 TIME 1 16 DATE 1 17 DST 1 18 Base Memory 1 18 Expansion Memory 1 18 Floppy Drive 0 1 18 Fl...

Page 5: ...COpy 2 22 CONFIGUR 2 23 Chapter 3 General Service Initial Diagnostics 3 1 Manual Diagnostics 3 6 Disk Read Test 3 7 Keyboard Test 3 7 Base Memory Test 3 7 Expansion Memory Test 3 8 Power Up Test 3 8...

Page 6: ...29 The SHIP Utility 4 29 The DETECT Utility 4 30 Chapter 5 Hardware System Overview 5 1 Power Supply 5 3 Backplane 5 3 Disk Controller Card 5 3 CPUlMemory Card 5 4 Input Output Card 5 4 Specifications...

Page 7: ...stallation A S Numeric Processor Extension Installation A7 Connecting the Monitor AS Appendix B Installing Drives Second Floppy Disk Installation B l Cable Connections B 4 Winchester Drive Installatio...

Page 8: ...eries Computer 5 1 5 2 Hardware Configuration 5 2 5 3 Parallel Printer Connection 5 11 5 4 Serial Printer Connection 5 13 5 5 Modem Connection 5 14 A1 Cover Removal Al A2 Cover Replacement A 2 A3 Card...

Page 9: ...Drive Types 1 21 1 3 Winchester 10 Codes 1 21 3 1 Possible Power Up Diagnostic Messages and Explanations 3 1 3 2 LED Diagnostic Functions 3 12 3 3 Troubleshooting Table 3 14 4 1 MFM 200 Command Summa...

Page 10: ...you are looking at the back panel NOTE Because of the number of video options available the computer system does not include a video card However you must have a video card installed in your computer...

Page 11: ...ng On Off Power Switch The power switch is located on the left side of the back panel Make sure the switch is in the OFF position before you plug your computer into an outlet Power Cord Connector When...

Page 12: ...the end of the keyboard cable to the keyboard connector on the back of the computer as shown in Figure 1 2 Refer to the Appendices at the back of this manual for instructions for connecting a monitor...

Page 13: ...dard voltage in the United States To change the voltage rating contact your authorized repair facility Before you connect any of your computer s components to an AC power source turn all power on off...

Page 14: ...wer on off switch on the back panel Plug the power cord into an AC power source The monitor may be placed on the computer or anywhere conve nient Plug its power cord into an AC power source Place the...

Page 15: ...s apply power to your monitor first then the computer Finally turn on any other peripherals attached to your computer system After the system is turned on a number of things will happen a small quiet...

Page 16: ...check various functions of the computer so it will operate properly When the tests are finished the computer will let you know it is ready to run by displaying the opening message or starting the aut...

Page 17: ...ith Data Systems can not duplicate a key according to the serial number of the computer Keep your extra key and reference card in secure locations The keyboard of your computer contains 84 keys that a...

Page 18: ...include the numbers 0 through 9 punctuation marks and special characters The lower marking on each key is generated when neither SHIFf key is pressed while the upper marking is generated when a SHIFf...

Page 19: ...tation that accom panies the software Space Bar Enter a blank character space by pressing this bar BACK SPACE Moves the cursor one position to the left The cursor is an indicator on your display that...

Page 20: ...to control cursor movement and screen presentation O INS and JDEL When none of the SHIFT or NUM LOCK keys are pressed these two keys are used in applications that require special inser tion and delet...

Page 21: ...le the disk light is on The system prompt and message will appear in the upper left corner of the monitor s screen CfRL The control key performs special functions by pressing it with another key simul...

Page 22: ...equence acts the same as CfRL ALT DEL except that the machine does not actually reset but rather control is forced to the system monitor Since a reset is not performed the machine does not autoboot Th...

Page 23: ...d light in the NUM LOCK key indicates whether the feature is on lit or off unlit 0 9 This group of keys located to the right of the main keyboard includes the numbers 0 through 9 and a period for entr...

Page 24: ...tilt A leg is located under each back corner of the keyboard Refer to Figure 1 10 and select the position that best fits your needs To increase the tilt of the keyboard refer to the inset in the figur...

Page 25: ...shaped reverse screen image You can make your own selections by highlighting the data which matches your system s configuration You can move up down left or right between fields using the arrow keys W...

Page 26: ...until a valid time is entered If you make a mistake while typing use the BACKSPACE key to return to the position where you made the mistake and type over it After entering the time press the RETURN ke...

Page 27: ...you need to select the number of bytes of expansion memory you have added to the system The selection ranges from 0 to 15 360 in incre ments of 64K Use the space bar to make the number higher and the...

Page 28: ...pear and you can then boot from any drive using the boot 8 command Video Display If your system includes an optional color video card select one of these options Option 1 40 x 25 for 40 character disp...

Page 29: ...e identifier code for either floppy drive B if present or Winchester drive O The third 3 digit set represents the drive type identifier code for either Winchester drive 0 or Winchester drive 1 dependi...

Page 30: ...14 each contain 17 sectors track Refer to Table 1 3 for the drive type that must be entered in the SETUP menu according to the drive type identifier code Table 1 3 Winchester ID Codes DRIVE TYPE DRIV...

Page 31: ...acket as shown in Figure 2 1 The disk itself is made out of a thin flexible plastic material that is coated with a magnetic oxide similar to that used in magnetic recording tape It can be stretched or...

Page 32: ...n be lost For exaInple the oily residue left from a fingerprint may cause the disk to lose contact with the head interrupting the read write process The notch is called a write protect notch and is lo...

Page 33: ...ry Make backup copies of valuable disks Put write protect tabs on valuable disks Label them with stick on labels using a felt tip pen Remove disks before turning the computer off Keep disks away from...

Page 34: ...use the names illustrated here Other operating systems may refer to the drives by other means Consult the documentation supplied with your operating system for the names of the drives drive A will be...

Page 35: ...e disk drive latch is closed The left side of the front panel includes a keyboard lock that is independent of the power switch When the key is in the unlocked clockwise position the computer is fully...

Page 36: ...e reset at any time by pressing the CfRL ALT and DEL keys at the same time However do not reset your computer unless you are sure that no important programs are being executed If the autoboot feature...

Page 37: ...ll use most often if your system is not set up to boot automatically if a disk is not autobooted after powerup or if you want to manually boot the system The boot process reads the operating system fr...

Page 38: ...ution Disk I and Distribution Disk II The following steps will show you how to load the DOS for the first time and then create backups or working copies of the distribution disks To load MS DOS Turn o...

Page 39: ...ey The computer will display Current time is 0 03 20 20 Enter new time The time actually shown by your computer will probably differ from this display You will use the format H M S C to enter the time...

Page 40: ...is a good one and not one that may cause a problem The following discussion will take you through a step by step method of making backups This procedure involves formatting a new disk and then copyin...

Page 41: ...destination disk in B Press RETURN when ready NOTE With only one floppy disk drive the computer will simulate two drive operation you will be prompted to switch disks when necessary Press the RETURN...

Page 42: ...ent platter sides you will have four tracks that are passing under the heads at one time These four tracks make up a cylinder A cylinder has as many tracks as there are heads in any particular hard di...

Page 43: ...inchester disks distributed by Zenith Data Systems have a very large storage capacity when compared to floppy disks To make practical use of all this storage space partitions divide the disk space int...

Page 44: ...ill have to boot your system with MS DOS Distribution Disk I Turn on your computer if it is not already on place your MS DOS Distribution Disk I in the floppy disk drive and close the drive door If yo...

Page 45: ...nd represents the first Winchester drive parti tion Press the RETURN key You will see each file displayed as it is transferred and the total number of files copied Repeat the COpy command for MS DOS D...

Page 46: ...and you will see on your screen Not a bootable partition If you have selected a partition that has not been formatted the prompt will reappear on your screen You may attempt to boot the system as prev...

Page 47: ...manual To back up the entire MS DOS partition use the following instructions Have a good supply of 5 25 inch floppy disks on hand that may be used for backups Boot the Winchester system and at the MS...

Page 48: ...floppy disk This process also will allow you to create working copies of application software that may be distributed with out an operating system System Disks This section will show you how to use th...

Page 49: ...splay FORMAT version 3 xx Insert new disk in drive B and press RETURN when ready NOTE The FORMAT procedure does not check to see if your disk has data on it Any information previously recorded on the...

Page 50: ...successfully formatted and the operating system placed on it Even though you used drive B to format the disk drive A stayed in control and is still the default drive You know this by the A prompt whi...

Page 51: ...ing system the procedure is slightly different FORMAT Place your MS DOS disk in drive A Type FORMAT B Iv Press the RETURN key The disk will not have the operating system placed on it for the format pr...

Page 52: ...will now see the disk access indicators alternately glow as each disk drive is accessed by the operating sys tem The name of each file will be displayed as it is copied from drive A to drive B When a...

Page 53: ...port is already configured for LPT1 so you do not need to run the CONFIGUR program The following example configures a serial Diablo 1640 If you are configur ing a device other than a Diablo 1640 follo...

Page 54: ...d the following submenu appears Select the parallel port to be mapped A LPTl B LPT2 C LPT3 D Exit Enter selection A D In response to this screen press B Use one of the following options to select the...

Page 55: ...he following to modify an existing system C Exit program D Make changes to disk E Make changes to memory F Make changes to both disk and memory Enter selection A F Since you have told the computer you...

Page 56: ...lk 4800 baud RTS Pos pin 4 H User Defined I Exit with no changes Enter selection A I As this example is for a Diablo 1640 Press E The main menu is displayed again CONFIGUR version 3 xx Use one of the...

Page 57: ...whenever it is turned on The computer beeps if it encounters any hardware failures during these tests If the computer fails any of the tests it attempts to display an error mes sage Possible error mes...

Page 58: ...e card is properly seated in the backplane slot ERROR Timer interrupt failure If this error occurs the timing logic on the I O card may have failed Make sure that the card is properly seated and set u...

Page 59: ...the back up battery Replace the back up battery that is to keep CMOS memory valid when power is not applied to the system ERROR Bad configuration information found in CMOS The memory in the CMOS chip...

Page 60: ...le This error message indicates that the floppy disk is fine but the boot code read from sector 0 is not a valid executable code DISK ERROR Must run SETUP to boot from Winchester This error message is...

Page 61: ...rom using a disk that does not have a copy of the operating system on it or from a faulty disk drive Most often this condition can be corrected by using another disk If these errors occur often it may...

Page 62: ...lay will appear CHOOSE ONE OF THE FOLLOWING 1 DISK READ TEST 2 KEYBOARD TEST 3 BASE MEMORY TEST 4 EXPANSION MEMORY TEST 5 POWER UP TEST 6 EXIT ENTER YOUR CHOICE To run any of the tests press the corre...

Page 63: ...continuously Each time the initial code is read from the boot tracks a counter will be incremented If an error is detected DEVICE ERROR will be displayed Keyboard Test For the keyboard test press any...

Page 64: ...passed Any error messages generated will be the same as those in the Power up Diagnostics section Stopping the Diagnostic Tests To stop any of the tests press the ESC key If you are running the keybo...

Page 65: ...voltages may be present inside the computer whenever the line cord is connected to an AC outlet Do not begin disas sembly before unplugging the unit 2 If a monitor is connected to the computer discon...

Page 66: ...card are red on the backplane board they are green Viewed from the front the I O card is located the fourth slot from the right Near the top front of the card are the six red diagnostic LEOs Viewed fr...

Page 67: ...ur machine is still turned off Reconnect the power cord to the computer and plug it in Turn the machine on while observing the LEDs The functions indicated by each of the I O card LEDs are shown in Fi...

Page 68: ...6 ROY DIAGNOSIS The central processing unit is bad The program ROM in the computer is invalid The random access memory is not storing informa tion correctly The system clock timer interrupts or keybo...

Page 69: ...wer supply NOTE Make sure the cables going to J5 on the disk controller card slot 1 and P301 on the I O card slot 4 are properly connected 2 Slide the cover back on the unit and secure it with the scr...

Page 70: ...ealer or authorized repair facility to arrange for service Do not attempt to service this computer during the warranty period to do so may void the warranty You may have out of warranty products repai...

Page 71: ...ord not plugged in the green light on the front check both ends If you are panel is not lit using a multiple outlet box check its plug 2 Power not on at AC power source wall outlet Check with a differ...

Page 72: ...not properly connected to computer 4 Brightness control turned down 5 Computer not transmitting a signal screen was blanked or cleared by a program NOTE This will not be the case when you first tum on...

Page 73: ...gnos tics sections of this chapter When You Call for Help When you call for service list the following information about your com puter It will help your dealer to diagnose and repair your unit 1 The...

Page 74: ...n slightly dampened with water or a nondetergent cleaning solution Do not use spray liquids or a soaking wet cloth After wiping the computer with a damp cloth make sure everything is dry before turnin...

Page 75: ...ostics from being run A debugging facility similar to Microsoft s DEBUG a utility used to monitor debug and edit assembly language programs Ability to boot up from any drive attached to the system Men...

Page 76: ...this are optional and need to be entered only in certain cases Items in braces separated by a vertical bar I like this Iand this represent a series of choices Only one selection should be made from t...

Page 77: ...ge byte I string G addr breakpoint H numberl number2 I port M range dest 0 port value R register S range byte I string T count U range V M mode S scroll addr addr IL length TEST SETUP Copyright C 1985...

Page 78: ...E addr Example EO 100 RETURN or E DS 7000 RETURN Displays the contents of a byte of memory and requests user input If a dash is entered the contents of the previous byte is shown and a space will disp...

Page 79: ...x I port Example I 3FE RETURN Displays the contents of the selected input port Move Memory Block Syntax M range dest Example M3219 FEDC FFFF 3905 0 RETURN Moves the block of memory specified by range...

Page 80: ...et individual flag bits For instance entering NV ZR would reset the overflow flag and set the zero flag In the case of multiple abbrevi ations for the same flag being entered the last one entered will...

Page 81: ...ode The different modes are discussed in the Video Mode section of this manual Also set by the V command is the current scroll mode The scroll mode determines how information is moved off of the scree...

Page 82: ...on in the system Special Function Keys Several keys have special meanings to the MFM 200 monitor BACKSPACE This key is pressed to correct typing errors prior to beginning execution of a command Each d...

Page 83: ...he system monitor Since a reset is not per formed the machine does not autoboot This permits the user to boot from an alternate drive even if SETUP is set for autoboot This three key sequence is used...

Page 84: ...he COpy command is internal and as such is always a part of MS DOS In order to use an external command the command file must exist on the disk If the file is not present the command can not be execute...

Page 85: ...thing is wrong The message itself often will tell you what is wrong so you will be able to correct the problem An example of this would be Invalid drive specification This message implies that in your...

Page 86: ...length These characters can be any letter from A to Z any number from 0 to 9 or certain punctuation characters Examples of legal file names are MYFILE AIPROG and 333 1 Extension The extension is from...

Page 87: ...This is not a complete list of the internal MS DOS commands For a full discussion of all the internal commands consult your MS DOS manual COpy The COpy command allows you to produce a copy of any file...

Page 88: ...triction for your protection against accidental file de struction is that you may not copy a file onto itself If you try it the following error message will be displayed File cannot be copied onto its...

Page 89: ...ould do the following to delete it Type DEL BADFlLE EXT Press the RETURN key Or you could type DEL B BADFlLE EXT Press the RETURN key You must use the drive name if the file you want to remove is not...

Page 90: ...in order 1 the name of each file 2 the extension name 3 the number of bytes used to store the file a byte is a measure of memory which can be equated to one keystroke of a printable character on the...

Page 91: ...never you want to match any letter in the position the wild card appears For instance if you type DIRAB DE EXT the computer will display any files with five letter names that begin with AB end with DE...

Page 92: ...terisk after the period as well as shown in the following DIR F DIRC However DIR is the one command that will accept a single wild card for both the file name and the extension RENAME REN Occasionally...

Page 93: ...S is seconds 0 to 59 and C is tenths of a second 0 to 9 Both seconds and tenths of a second are optional and may be omitted The separators colon and period must be used exactly as shown or else the fo...

Page 94: ...from MS DOS in the same manner as an internal command Because they are separate pro grams you can selectively remove them from your disk with the ERASE command All external commands will appear on th...

Page 95: ...ace the amount of unused space remaining on the disk the internal memory space in the system and the amount of memory unused by the system A typical status report of any empty formatted disk no label...

Page 96: ...e letter that corresponds to the drive that you will use for one of the disks The computer will now display Source2 drive name A X _ Press the letter that corresponds to the drive that you will use fo...

Page 97: ...ntains data so be sure you know that the disk does not contain vital information before you proceed with DISKCOPY To use DISKCOPY type DISKCOPY Press the RETURN key The computer will display a message...

Page 98: ...he display will show Do you want to copy another disk YIN N If you have another disk to duplicate press the Y key and then the RETURN key You again will be asked to enter the name of the drives being...

Page 99: ...If you get this message you will have to reset your system by pressing the CfRL ALT and DEL keys at the same time Then you can place a system disk in drive A and properly boot the system The term syst...

Page 100: ...other disk YIN If the format program discovered any flawed areas on the disk it will lock them out so that they will not be used We suggest that disks with bad areas not be used for important data The...

Page 101: ...ks It also will allow you to check for bad sectors and lock out any that are found In addition PREP will pre allocate four partitions described later one for immediate use PART This utility redefines...

Page 102: ...ve recorded on the Winchester disk system If you do not want to destroy the data on your disk but still want to test the disk for data retention capabilities you may run the DETECf utility This utilit...

Page 103: ...he PART utility establishes and or changes the name of each partition the name of the operating system to be used with each partition the amount of disk space allocated to each partition and the name...

Page 104: ...reformatting the partition just as you would reformat a floppy disk However you will want to use the BACKUP utility before you do this See the discussion on BACKUP and RESTORE found later in this cha...

Page 105: ...ur system is the Central Processing Unit CPU The CPU processes information performs arithmetic functions and provides control for the rest of the system With a 200 watt power supply distributed throug...

Page 106: ...2 Hardware The various parts of the personal computer are described in the following pages Refer to Figure 5 2 for the location of each item described DISK CONTROLLER CARD Figure 5 2 Hardware Configu...

Page 107: ...he computer chassis and has slots for ten cards When a card is plugged into the backplane it becomes part of your computer The basic computer includes three cards a Disk Controller Card CPU Memory Car...

Page 108: ...2 keyboard interface speaker interface parallel port serial port DMA con troller interval timer interrupt controller address decoding and generation of control signals for the expansion bus and six LE...

Page 109: ...12V 12V Input volts switch selectable 100 130 VAC or 200 230 VAC Status signals DC OK AC OK Intel 80286 16 bit Microprocessor Optional Intel 80287 Numeric Processor Extension 512K RAM standard One 8...

Page 110: ...to be kept for use some time in the future Remember information in RAM disappears each time the computer is turned off Mass storage also provides the computer with a place to store information that is...

Page 111: ...or the control section may use This memory while small is the quickest in the machine The control section keeps all of the information coming and going in the proper order making sure that information...

Page 112: ...ory from disk Extensive menu selectable diagnostics covered in General Service Chapter 3 of this manual and Video mode and scroll mode set commands used to select the screen characteristics for the vi...

Page 113: ...mputer to play a full range of music Consult the GW BASIC manual for specific programming information Parallel Printer Output Port The parallel printer port is located on the I O card Its 08 25 connec...

Page 114: ...llel printer Table 5 1 Parallel Port Definitions PIN SIGNAL NUMBER NAME I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 IS 16 17 18 25 Strobe Data bit 0 Data bit I Data bit 2 Data bit 3 Data bit 4 Data bitS Data bit...

Page 115: ...Page 5 11 Hardware PARALLEL PRINTER Figure 5 3 Parallel Printer Connection...

Page 116: ...R NAME 1 2 3 4 Carrier detect Receive data Transmit data Data terminal ready 5 Ground 6 Data set ready 7 Request to send 8 Clear to send 9 Ring indicate Connecting a Serial Printer If you have a seria...

Page 117: ...Page 5 13 Hardware SERIAL PRINTER Figure 5 4 Serial Printer Connection...

Page 118: ...st be directly attached to your telephone line Refer to Figure 5 6 and your modem s documentation for specific instructions To attach your modem to your computer plug one end of your modem cable into...

Page 119: ...the unit D If a monitor is connected to the computer disconnect its cable and set the monitor aside Also disconnect the cables of any other peripherals connected to the computer and set them aside D...

Page 120: ...wer supply D Slide the cover back on the unit and secure it with the six screws removed and set aside during cover removal D Reattach the cables on the rear panel NOTE Make sure the cables going to IS...

Page 121: ...re removing the proper card D Remove the support bracket screw securing the card in the computer D Firmly grasp the card to be removed with one hand toward the front and the other about midway down th...

Page 122: ...r faces down and is aligned prop erly Slowly and firmly slide the card into the edge connector o Secure the bracket of the card to the unit with the bracket screw If necessary reattach any cables o Re...

Page 123: ...end the leads of an IC hold the IC in one hand and place your other hand on your work surface before you touch the IC to your work surface This will equalize the static electricity between the work su...

Page 124: ...n become bent under the IC and will appear to be correctly seated in its socket If a malfunction occurs while testing examine the IC and remove it if necessary to be certain that all pins are correctl...

Page 125: ...supply NOTE The numeric processor extension is shipped in protective foam Do not remove it from the foam until you are ready to install it in its socket on the CPU memory card Using the instructions f...

Page 126: ...puter For RGB monitors Connect one end of the cable to the RGB DB 9 connector on the back of the computer Connect the other end to the appropriate connector on the monitor refer to your monitor s doc...

Page 127: ...puter must be removed Follow the instructions under Cover Removal in Appendix A Refer to Figure B 1 for the following steps These instructions are for the installation of all models of floppy disk dri...

Page 128: ...drive chassis in the center of the computer as shown in Figure B 2 If a Winchester drive is in stalled in this chassis disconnect the cables on the Winchester drive before removing the disk drive cha...

Page 129: ...Page 8 3 Installing Drives Figure B 2 Drive Installation...

Page 130: ...embly connected to the first disk drive as shown and install the connector on the disk drive circuit board of the new drive If Winchester drive cables are disconnected re attach the cables to the Winc...

Page 131: ...f Winchester drive you are installing according to the information printed on the bottom of the drive If you are installing a second Winchester drive proceed to Second Winchester Drive Installation la...

Page 132: ...ut of the computer D Remove the four screws from the floppy disk drive if present lift the drive out of the disk drive chassis and set it to one side o Place the new Winchester drive in the bottom of...

Page 133: ...ply into the 4 pin plug on the left side of the Winchester drive o Position the ribbon cable assembly connected to the floppy drive as shown with the colored stripe toward the power supply and install...

Page 134: ...m the existing floppy disk drive D Remove the screw holding the disk drive chassis on the rightside of the computer D Slide the disk drive chassis to the rear of the computer until it passes the lip o...

Page 135: ...Page 8 9 Installing Drives NEW WINCHESTER DRIVE fP SCREW Figure 8 6 Second Winchester Drive Installation...

Page 136: ...connector on the disk drive circuit board of the new drive D Install one of the four connectors coming from the power supply into the 4 pin plug on the left side of the floppy drive D Reconnect the ri...

Page 137: ...Page B ll _________ In s tallllling0 nves Figure B 7 Cable Connect Ions...

Page 138: ...eries Computer Each of these two have different jumpers to change for proper operation Compare your floppy disk drive to those shown in Figure B 8 and do the following Drive Type 1 Cut the tracer lead...

Page 139: ...Page 8 13 Installing Drives DRIVE TYPE DRIVE TYPE Figure B 8 Jumper Configuration 360K Drives 1 1 2...

Page 140: ...rms the basic mathematical operations such as addition subtraction multiplica tion and division of numbers Application Asystem problem or task that a computer is assigned ASCII American Standard Code...

Page 141: ...n operating system into a computer See also Autoboot and DOS Bootstrap The program used by the computer to load the operating system Break The process of interrupting and temporarily halting a sequenc...

Page 142: ...s sometimes called an IC or an IC chip The name is occasionally applied to the entire integrated circuit package Circuit An electronic path through which current flows Class B One of two classes estab...

Page 143: ...nitor CRT refers to the television like screen in a computer terminal or monitor Cursor A character usually an underline or block used to indicate a position on the screen Cylinder Used to describe th...

Page 144: ...led modem and Modem Directory A disk file that lists all of the other files on the disk and information about each file Disk See Floppy disk Disk drive A device used to read data from and write data o...

Page 145: ...diskette flexible disk or flexible diskette Formatting The process of organizing the surface of a disk to accept files of data and programs Graphics Generally refers to special characters that may be...

Page 146: ...at tells the computer what to do for a single operation in a program Interface A device that serves as a common boundary between two other devices such as two computer systems or a computer and periph...

Page 147: ...words and symbols In a computer language it refers to a set of words and operators and the rules governing their usage LED Light emitting diode Load The process of entering information data or a progr...

Page 148: ...ations See also Acoustic coupled modem and Direct connect modem Monitor 1 A control program in a computer 2 A separate peripheral used to display information a black and white monochrome or color disp...

Page 149: ...plus minus and so on 3 A symbol or keyword that designates a logical comparison or operation such as greater than less than NOT and so on Output The results of computer operations This may be in the f...

Page 150: ...m Access Memory Read write memory that data may be written to stored or read from retrieved directly See also Random access and ROM l andom access The ability to access locations without regard to se...

Page 151: ...adopted by the Electronic Industries Association EIA to ensure uniformity of interfacing signals between computers and peripherals This capability is built into most com puter devices See also Interfa...

Page 152: ...sends it over a different path Syntax The rules governing the use of a language System An assembly of components into a whole A computer system is made up of the computer plus one or more peripheral...

Page 153: ...or Verify To examine and substantiate the results of a computer operation Winchester A term which has come to be applied to most forms of high density fixed disk storage Word processing An application...

Page 154: ...coprocessor see Numeric processor extension Arithmetic logic unit 5 7 Arrow keys 1 11 Audio 5 4 5 5 5 9 Autoboot 1 6 1 7 1 12 1 19 2 6 2 7 2 16 3 14 3 15 B Backplane board 5 1 5 3 BACK SPACE key 1 10...

Page 155: ...SETUP program 1 17 Daylight sa tings time 1 18 DC output 5 5 Debugging facility 4 1 Default boot partition 2 14 2 15 Default drive 4 10 Device drivers 5 8 Delete DEL key 1 11 DETECf 4 27 Diagnostics...

Page 156: ...emory see Memory Examine registers 4 5 Execute go 4 4 Expansion 5 3 Expansion memory size error 3 3 Expansion memory test 3 8 Extended diagnostics see Diagnostics Extension 4 12 External commands 4 10...

Page 157: ...board 5 5 5 9 Cable 1 3 Connecting 1 3 Legs 1 15 Processor 5 5 Tilt adjustment 1 15 Keyboard not responding or not connected 3 2 Keyboard test 3 7 Keyclick Turning on or off 1 13 4 9 Keypad 1 14 Keys...

Page 158: ...see Memory MS DOS see Disk Operating System Multiple outlet power box 1 4 Must run SETUP to boot from Winchester 3 4 N Non maskable interrupt 3 2 Numeric data coprocessor see Numeric processor extens...

Page 159: ...M failure 3 2 ROY 3 12 Read write heads 1 6 2 2 Resetting the computer 1 12 1 13 4 9 Resident commands see Internal commands Restoring Winchester 2 17 RETURN key 1 10 ROM 3 12 5 4 ROM checksum failure...

Page 160: ...logic 3 2 Tone generator see Audio Trace program 4 6 Tracks 2 12 Transient commands see External commands Troubleshooting 3 14 3 16 u Unassemble program 4 7 Unpacking 1 1 Utilities 4 10 Verify switch...