Campbell 21X, Operator'S Manual

Page 1: ...21X MICROLOGGER OPERATOR S MANUAL REVISION 8 95 CopynlcHT c 1994 1995 CAMPBELL sclENTlFlc lNc ...

Page 2: ...hantability or fitness for a particular purp se CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC lNC is not liable for special indirect incidental or consequential dafnages Products may nof be returned without prior authorization To obtain a Returned Materials Authorization RMA contact qAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC lNC phone 801 753 2342 After an applications engineer determines the n ture of the problem an RMA number will be issued Pl...

Page 3: ...s and Ground OV 3 ov2 MEI oRY AND PROGRAMMING CONCEPTS OV2 1 lniernal Memory OV 3 OV2 2 2lX Instruction Types OV s OV2 3 P ogram Tables and the Execution and Output Intervals OV 5 OV3 PROGRAMMING THE 21X OV3 1 Fdrnctional Modes OV 7 OV3 2 Kbv Definition OV 7 OV3 3 Pfogramming Sequence OV 7 OV3 4 lrlstiuction Format OV 8 OV3 5 Entering a Program OV 8 OV4 PHOGRAMMING EXAMPLES OV4 1 Shmple Program 1 ...

Page 4: ...mory Pointers 2 1 Data Output Format and Range Limits 2 Displaying Stored Data on Keyboard Display 7 Mode 2 3 INSTRUCTION SET BASICS Parameter Data Types 3 1 Repetitions 3 1 Entering Negative Numbers 3 1 Indexing Input Locations 3 1 Voltage Range and Overrange Detection 3 2 Output Processing 3 2 Use of Flags Output and Program Control 3 3 Program Control Logical Constructions 3 4 Instruction Memor...

Page 5: ...ng Average 8 1 Rdinfall Intensity 8 2 U ing Control Ports and Loop to Run AM416 Multiplexer 8 3 SIUB 1 Minute Output lnterval Synched to RealTime 8 5 SpM AO4 Analog Output Multiplexer to Strip Chart 8 5 CQnverting 0 360 Wind Direction Output to 0 540 for Strip Chart 8 7 CQvariance Correlation Programming Example 8 8 FAst Fourier Transform Examples 8 11 PAGE 7 7 1 7 2 7 3 7 4 7 5 7 6 7 7 7 8 7 9 7 ...

Page 6: ...intenance 14 Calibration Procedures 1 APPENDICES GLOSSARY A 1 PROM SIGNATURES AND SOFTWARE OPT ONS B 1 BINARY TELECOMMUNICATIONS Telecommunications Command With Binary Responses C 1 FinalStorage Format C 3 Generation of Signature C 4 ASCII TABLE D 1 CHANGING RAM OR PROM CHIPS Disassembly of 21X E 1 Installing New RAM Chips E 1 Changing PROM Chips E 2 DOCUMENTATION FOR SPECIAL SOFTWARE F 1 A B c c ...

Page 7: ...ontain a 23 bit binary mantissa and a16 bit binary exponent The largest and srinallest numbers that can be stored and piocessed are 9 x 1018 and 1 x 10 1e respeptively Section 2 2 2 Erasinrg Final Storage Data in Final Storage can be erased without altering the program by repartitioning memory in the A Mode Section 1 5 2 ALL memory can be erased and the 21X completely reset by entering 978 for the...

Page 8: ...n this manualto Storage Modules The Storage Modules referred to are the SM192 and SM716 The old SM16 and SM64 Storage Modules cannot pedorm many of the functions available with the SM192 and sM716 The sealed lead acid batteries u 21XL are permanently damaged if discharged below 11 76 V The cel rated at a 2 5 Ahr capacitv but slow discharge even in storage lt i advisable to maintain a continuous on...

Page 9: ... Sections 9 have detailed descriptions of the programming instructions and Section 13 goes into detailon 2 1 X measurement procedures The Sheet is an abbreviated description of the programming instructions Once familiar with the 21X it is to program it using only the Prompt Sheet as a reference consulting the manual if further is needed Read the SQlected Operating Details and Cautionary Notes at t...

Page 10: ...ich are used for sensor inputs excitation control outputs etc Figure OV1 2 shows the 21X panel and the associated programming instructions ended channels are numbered sequentially e the Hl and LOW sides of differential channel2 are single ended channels 3 and 4 respectively Section 13 2 The analog input terminal strip has an insulated cover to reduce temperature gradients across the input terminal...

Page 11: ...in starting at the beginning The interualat which the table is executed will generally determine the intervalat which the sensors are measured The interval at which data are stored is separate and may range from samples every execution interval to processed summaries output hourly daily or on longer or irregular intervals Figure OV2 1 represents the measurement processing and data storage sequence...

Page 12: ...thmetic transcendental and are FIGURE OV2 1 lnstruction Types and Storage Areas INTERMEDIATE STORAGE Provides temporary storage for intermediate calculations required by the OUTPUT PROCESSING NSTRUCTIONS for example sums OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS Perform calculations over time on the values updated in Input Storage Summaries for Final Storage are generated when a Program Control Instruction s...

Page 13: ... the Output Flag lf the flag is high finalvalues are calculaled and output With the Average accumulated totals are divided by the number of samples and the resulting averages sent to Final Storage lntermediate locations are zeroed and the process stafts over The Output Flag Flag 0 is set high by a Program Control Instruction which must precede the Output Processing Instructions in the user entered...

Page 14: ...ed in Section 1 1 FIGURE OV2 2 Program and Subroutine Tables OV2 3 2 THE OUTPUT The interval at which oul independent from the ex than the fact that it must executed i e a table ce execution interval and or A single program table c output intervals and conr unique data set output i Instructions are used to which determines when Output Processing Instrt instruction setting the Or data output and it...

Page 15: ...e desired sensor scan rate 2 Enter the InpuUOutput Instructions required to measure the sensors Enter any Processing lnstructions required to get the data ready for Output Processing Enter a Program Control Instruction to test the output condition and Set the Output Flag when the condition is met For example use lnstruction 92 to output based on time 86 to output each time the table is executed an...

Page 16: ...1 Keyed in using the 21X keyboard 2 Loaded from a pre recorded listing using the D Mode There are 2 types of storage input Stored on disl sent from computer PC208 software TERM and EDLOG Stored loaded f rom SM1 92t1 6 Module 3 Loaded from Storage Module or internal PROM special software upon power up A program is created by keying it directly into the datalogger as described in the following Secti...

Page 17: ...n interval seconds Key 5 second execution interval Enter the 5 second execution interval and advance to the first program instruction location The 21X prompts with a P when it is time to enter an instruction number Key in l O Instruction 17 measure the panel temperature in degrees C Enter lnstruction 17 and advance to the first parameter Key in the Input Storage location in which to store the meas...

Page 18: ... for Instructions 86 92 on the Sheet and in Table 12 1 2 Enter the command and advance to third program instruction location The Output Processing Instruction SAMPLE transfers values from Input Storage to Final Storage when the Output Flag is set Enter 70 and advance to first parameter specifying the repetitions There is only one value to sample so only one repetition is entered Wait a few seconds...

Page 19: ...n location 13 in this example A 01 0102 Advance to the first value the output array ldentifier lD The lD indicates the Output Flag was set in Table 1 by the second instruction Section 2 1 A 02 21 23 Advance to the first temperature stored Note that there are only 4 digits displayed low resolution while the readings in Input Storage displayed 5 digits Section2 2 and lnst 78 A 01 0102 Advance to the...

Page 20: ...hipped with a shorl thermocouple wired to differentialchannel 5 The copper lead is connected to the high input H and the constantan lead is connected to the low input L We ll read the sensor every 5 seconds and store one hour average temperatures along with a daily maximum and minimum temperature and the times at which they occur The date and time will also be stored with the data ov l2 21X is in ...

Page 21: ...in the PC208 EDLOG program lf you have followed through sample program 1 and edited the program in OV4 2 your 21X now has a 5 second execution interval and lnstruction 17 in Table 1 To continue with this example you can simply advance key A through the execution interval and Instruction 17 and check the entries against the following listing The new entry starts with the second instruction in the t...

Page 22: ...ecause they are preceded by another Instruction 92 which sets the Output Flag high at midnight and sets it low at any other time This is a unique feature of Flag 0 The Output Flag is set low at the start of each table Section 3 7 Description lf Time 0 minutes into the interval 1440 minute interval Set Output Flag Flag 0 Output Time Store day hour and minute Maximize instruction One repetition Outp...

Page 23: ...hour tfrere will be 3 values output 1 the output array lD 103 3rd instruction in Table 1 set the Outpi tt Flag 2 time and 3 average of the thermocfuple readings that occurred in the previous hoqr Every day there will be 7 values output 1 output array lD 106 6th instruction in Table 1 set the Output Flag 2 day 3 time 4 maximum TC temperature that occurred in the previous day 5 time at which the max...

Page 24: ...ibles Regardless of which method is used the retrievalof data from the datalogger does NOT erase those data from Final Storage The data remain in the ring memory until they are written over by new data 2 1 memory is reallocated Section 1 5 the power to the datalogger is turned off Table OV5 1 lists the instructions used with the various methods of data retrieval Telecommu nications Commands Sectio...

Page 25: ...G ct H an N u z I U 6 E L I t 5 o P G 3 I NoE 1 AODITIONAL METHOOS OF DATA REIREIVAL ARE A SATELUIE IRANSMISEON B DIRECT DUMP TO PRINTER 2 THE DSP4 HEADS UP DISPLAY ALLOWS THE USER TO VIEW OATA IN INPUT STORAGE ALSO BUFFERS RNAL STORAGE OATA ANO IIRITES IT TO CASSETTE TAPE PRINTER OR STORAGE Mq ULE 5 ALL CAMPBELL SOENIIRC RS_252 INTERFACES HAVE A FEMAI 25 PIN RS 252 CONNECTOR lla aaa aaa taa RS 23...

Page 26: ...oC unl s oth tfl3 speofied RESISTANCE AND COT DUCNVTTY IIEASUREIIENTS ACCUMCY 0 035 0 04 0 b llot ot tull scalo bridgo orrPut limibd by thc me hing bridlp tesi b t Tho orcitilirn Ydlreo lhoub b progre nm d ro tha b 6ea outpril mrrhcs rhc lutt rcd inputvoltf rsttoo ITEASUREMENT TYP S Ruire end t wiro tul b idge t i e wi rnd 2 wire hdl bridgo idgo meelrrrerncntt ata ratoflraric atld dud poleriry o c...

Page 27: ...aximum throughput rate for fast single ended measurem nts other than with the burst measurement is 256 measurements per second 16 measurements repeated 16 times per second lf the specified execution interval for a table is less than the time required to process that table the 21X overruns the execution interval finishes processing the table and waits for the next occurrence of the execution interv...

Page 28: ...tate of flags control ports and the timer are UNALTERED Compiling always zeros Intermediate Storage 1 2 SETTING AND DISPLAYING THE CLOCK 5 MODE The 5 Mode is used to display time or change the year day of year or time When 5 is pressed the current time is displayed The time parameters displayed in the 5 Mode are given in Table 1 2 1 1 2 The 21X powers up with hours and minutes set to 0 and the day...

Page 29: ...o preserue values entered in Input Siorage compile with 6 1 3 2 DISPLAYING AND TOGGLING USER FLAGS lf D is keyed while the 21X is displaying a location value the current status of the user flags will be displayed in the following format 00 01 00 10 The characters represent the flags the left most digit represents Flag 1 and right most Flag 8 A 0 indicates the flag is low and a 1 indicates the flag...

Page 30: ...e three 8K PROMS PROM Avail bytes 24K Avail Loc Default allocation on Program Memory 978 There are 978 bytes allotted to program memory This memory may be used for 1 program table or shared among all program tables Tables 3 9 1 to 3 9 4 list the amount of memory used by each program instruction Input Storage is used to store the results of lnpuUOutput and Processing Instructions The values stored ...

Page 31: ...djusted automatically When lnput Storage is increased beyond 28 locations all of Input Storage comes out of Final Storage and the memory previously allocated to lnput Storage 112 bytes goes unused This is because memory allocated to minimum Input Storage is bounded by write protected program memory When more Input Storage is required Input Storage must be moved to where a contiguous block of memor...

Page 32: ...ue is dependent upon the programming entered and memory allotment lf the Tables have not been previously compiled they will be compiled and run First PROM Signature Second PROM Signature A 1 6 05 XXXXX 06 XXXXX 07 XXXXX Third PROM Signature Memory status decimal equivalent to the 1s and shown on power up Section 1 5 1 e 9 11111111 255 No of E08 occurrences Key in 88 to reset No of overrun occu Key...

Page 33: ...ode for command 1 or 2 or the command code for the Storage Module Table 1 8 2 After the code is keyed in key A to execute the command After a command is executed 13 0000 is displayed D must be entered again before another command can be given lf the 21X program has not been compiled when a command to save the program is entered it will be compiled before the command is executed TABLE 1 2 D Mode Ba...

Page 34: ... 1 3 5 4 1 5 1 6 2 7 1 8 O 3 P92 1 0 2 5 3 10 MODE 1 SCAN RATE 2 4 P71 1 2 2 1 LOAD PROGRAM FROM ASCII FILE Command 2 sets up the 21X to load a serial ASCII program The format is the same as sent in response to command 1 Table 1 8 4 Excepl when in telecommunications the baud rate code must be entered after command 2 A download file need not follow exactly the same format that is used when listing ...

Page 35: ...ed by the sending SECTION f FUNCTIONAL MODES device B B can be sent to discard the current buffer and reset the signature lf the signature is correct D D can be sent to tell the 21X to load the buffer into the editor and reset the signature Once the complete file has been sent and verified send E E to compile the program and exit the load command 1 8 2 PROGRAM TRANSFER WITH STORAGE MODULE The SM19...

Page 36: ...ut Flag is set high The dtring of data stored each time the Output Flag is set high is called an output array The first data point in the output array is a 4 digit Output Array lD This lD number is set in one of twD ways 1 ln the fault condition the lD consists of the program table number and the lnstructlon Location Number of the instruction which set the Output Flag for that I L DATA porNT I TA ...

Page 37: ...P location Section 4 1 The MPTR is used in transmitting data over a telecommunications interface When Telecommunications is first entered the MPTR is set to the same location as the DSP Positioning of the MPTR is then controlled by commands from the external calling device Section 5 1 2 2 NOTE All memory pointers are set to the DSP location when the datalogger a program For this reason ALWAYS RETR...

Page 38: ...int value Display value of current location Advance to start of next output array Back up to previous outout arrav reduced to most digit may be to use high resolution output or an offset maintain the desired resolution of a For example if water level is to be red and output to the nearest 0 01 foot the must be less than 70 feet for low resolution oltput to display the 0 01 foot increment lf the wa...

Page 39: ...Output Processing lnstructions is used to repeat the instruction on a number of sequential lflput Channels or lnput Storage locations For example if you have 4 ditferential voltage meapurements to make on the same voltage rangp wire the inputs to sequential channels anp instead of entering the Ditferential Voltage Me surement Instruction 4 times enter it once with fr repetitions The instruction wi...

Page 40: ...inal Storage this becomes 6999 in low resolution or 99999 in high resolution An input voltage greater than 8 volts on one of the analog inputs will result in errors and possible overranging on the other analog inputs Voltages greater than 16 volts may permanently damage the 21X TABLE 3 5 1 lnput Voltage Ranges and Codes Range Code Slow 16 67ms Integ 1 2 3 4 5 Full Scale Range Fast 250 rs Integ 11 ...

Page 41: ...o the interual 0 Parameter 2 the time interual in minutes is how often output will occur i e the Output Interual Enter 10 for parameter 3 the command code to set Flag 0 high lnstruction 92 is followed in the program table by the Output Instructions which define the output array desired The time interval is synchronized to 24 hour time output will occur on each integer multiple of the Output Interv...

Page 42: ... Exit loop if false Setport1 6high Setportl 6low Toggleportl 6 Pulse port 1 6 100 ms NOTE Flag 9 is automatically reset the same as Flag 0 lf the intermediate processing disable flag is already set high and the test condition of a subsequent Program Control Instruction acting on Flag 9 fails the flag is set low This feature eliminates having to enter another instruction to specifically reset Flag ...

Page 43: ...tine must end before another subroutine begins Enor 20 Any loops or lF THEN DO sequences started within a subroutine must end before the subroutine 3 8 3 NESTING A branching or loop instruction which occurs before a previous branch or loop has been closed with the END instruction is nested The maximum nesting level is 9 deep Error 30 is displayed when attempting to compile a program which is neste...

Page 44: ... 19 2R 8 4 3 7R 5 5 2 4R 15 36 9 38 0R 7 8 6 9R 5 5 3 7R 15 0 2 1 2R 20 38 0 19 2 D R 8 1 4 4 D R 5 3 2 8 D R 18 38 8 40R 10 7 7 5R 7 5 5 1R 18 41 8 73 0R 10 5 13 1 R 7 6 7AR 18 41 2 76 8R 10 6 16 2R 7 1 11 0R 20 38 1 19 2 D 2R 8 1 4 2 D 2R 5 3 2 8 D 2R 19 76 7 149 6R 15 7 282R 9 9 16 7R 4 7 6 5 0 8 4R 7 9 7 0R 40 8 23 2R 39 2 42 7R 0 4 2 7R 14 0 1 4 1200 0 3 10 5 1 0 D 0 54 to reset 0 25 to load ...

Page 45: ...n Description Section 10 66 AFCTAN 1 0 8 6 7 30 ZaF 31 ZaX 32 Z Z 1 33 Z X Y 34 ZaX F 35 Z X Y 36 ZaX Y 37 ZJX F 38 Z XN 3e zlsoRr x 40 zllN x 41 z EXP x 42 Z 1 X 43 Z ABS X 44 Z FRAC X 45 Z lNT X 46 Z X MOD F 47 Z4XY 48 z SrN x 4e sPA MAX 50 SPA MIN 51 SPAAVG 53 A 1X B 54 BLOCKMOVE 55 POLYNOMIAL 56 SATVP 57 WDT VP 58 LP FILTER 5e x 1 x 60 FFT 61 INDIR MOVE 1 1 I 6 4 0 0 0 0 3 0 5 0 6 1 1 0 9 1 1 ...

Page 46: ...struction Description Section 11 1 2R R 7 MEMORY INTER PROG LOC BYTES EXECUTION TIME ms 0 1 o 4 0 3 1to4 4 03 R7 05 0 0 R 0 3 5 17 5R 3 5 16R 0 1 0 9 0 5R 0 6 0 5R 0 9 1 7R 0 9 1 7R 0 4 3 1R 3 5 75R 3 5 30R 0 4 0 6R 2 1 3 0R 1 1 1 0R 1 3 2 8R 1 3 2 8R 0 9 R 3 3 2 8 bins 1 0 0 4 1 1 lOutput values may be sent to either Finat Storage or lnput Storage with lnstruction 80 TABLE 3 9 4 Program Control I...

Page 47: ...ng Error 31 is the result of a programming error Error 8 is the result of a hardware anp software watchdog that checks the process r state software timers and program rel ted counters The watchdog will attempt to rQset the processor and program execution if it finds that the processor has bombed or i neglecting standard system Code 03 o4 08 40 60 61 09 11 20 21 22 24 25 26 30 31 40 Type Editor Com...

Page 48: ...nt When lnstruction 96 or 9 is used Module is send data to one of these Storage Modules the 21X will not send data if the Storage connected Section 4 4 2 4 1 DATA TRANSFER INSTR 96 4 MODE On line dataltransfer is accomplished with Instruction 6 entered in the datalogger program T re 4 Mode is retained from earlier soltware to rtnaintain compatibility with existing programs tfse only one method to ...

Page 49: ...ine the maximum allowable time between visiting the site to retrieve data must be calculated to that data placed in Final Storage are not written over before they are collected In order to this calculation users must determine 1 the size of Final Storage 2 the number of output arrays being generated 3 the number of low and or high resolution data points included in each output array and 4 the rate...

Page 50: ...ts of Final Storage in the 7 Mode By saving the current location of the DSP and using it for the starting location on the next visit to the site only the data stored between visits are transferred to tape NOTE A tape dump can be aborted by keying However since it cannot be aborted in the middle of a 512 data point block up to 5 seconds may elapse before the tape stops 4 2 2 MANUAL STORAGE MODULE O...

Page 51: ...y number then A While dumping 09 will be displayed in the lD field and the location number in the Data field The location 4 4 number will stop incrementing when the 4 3 CASSETTE TAPE OPTION The Model RC35 Cassette Tape Recorder or equivalent can be left attached to the 21X for continuous on line data recording or it can be periodically taken to the 21X site for the manually initiated retrievalof t...

Page 52: ... interface is only necessary if the 21X has special software for transferring programs via tape Appendix B The SC92A and SC93A have a combination backshell circuit card and 9 pin connector which attaches to the serial l O connector on the 21X The SC92A has two plugs which connect to the POWER and MIC jacks on the recorder The SC93A has three plugs which connect to the POWER MIC and EAR or MONITOR ...

Page 53: ...Module operator s manual for configuring information Data is written to both modules simultaneously The module configured as fill and stop quits accepting data once it is full while that with the ring memory continues to store new data over old The Storage Modules must be retrieved before the module configured as ring memory wraps around memory a second time 4 4 2 STORAGE MODULE USE WITH TNSTRUCTT...

Page 54: ...he 2nd 4th data points The output array lD and time values year day hour minute and seconds are always 4 character numbers even when high resolution output is specified Each full line of data contains 8 data points 79 characters including spaces plus a carriage return CR and line feed LF lf the last data point in a full line is high resolution it is followed immediately with a CR and LF lf it is l...

Page 55: ...PC208 package has been designed to meet the most common needs in dalalogger support and telecommunications This section in not intended to furnish sufficient ddait to write Telecommunications software Appendix C contains some details of binary data Vansfer and Campbell Scientitic s binary data tormat This sectiorl emphasizes the commands that a person would use when manually i e entered by hand in...

Page 56: ...e invalid characters it receives from the time it answers a ring and terminates communication after receiving 150 invalid characters The 21X continues to execute its measurement and processing tasks while servicing the telecommunication requests lf the processing overhead is large short execution interval the processing tasks will slow the telecommunication functions In a worst case situation the ...

Page 57: ...be entered 21X sends Location and Checksum L xxxxx Cxxxx REMOTE KEYBOARD 21X sends the prompt and is ready to execute standard keyboard commands Section 5 2 Display change value at lnput Storage location 21X sends the value stored at the location A new value and CR may then be sent 21X sends checksum lf no new value is sent CR only the location value will remain the same TOGGLE FLAGS AND SET UP FO...

Page 58: ...e and run the 21X program if program changes have been made To compile and run the program without leaving the Telecommunications Command State Remote Keyboard State use 6 Section 1 1 The 21X display willshow LOG when 0 is executed via telecommunications lt will not indicate active tables enter 0 via the keyboard and the display will show the tables Remote Keyboard State 2718H 0 5 4 ...

Page 59: ...urn for pin 1 5V and is used as a reference for voltage levels Ring When raised by a peripheral the 21X enters telecommunications Receive Data Serial data transmitted by a peripheral are received on pin 4 Modem Enable Raised by the 21X after the ring line has been raised Description Printer Enable Raised to enable Storage Module or other print device Ground common with pin 2 Tape Enable Powers the...

Page 60: ... and to manually initiate data transfer from Final Storage to a peripheral lf the key is pressed during data transfer the transfer is stopped and the display shows the Final Storage location where the pointer stopped 6 2 Data transfer can be stopped as follows Printable ASCII after every output array Binary after every Final Storage location Tape after every block 512 Final Storage locations 6 4 T...

Page 61: ...erminal on this line Received Data Data is received by the terminal on this line Request to Send The terminal raises this line to ask a receiving device if the terminal can transmit data Clear to Send The receiving device raises this line to let the terminal know that the receiving device is ready to accept data Data Terminal Ready The terminal raises this line to tell the modem to connect itself ...

Page 62: ...ceives and transmits the eighth bit as a bina 0 This method is generally described as no parity To separate ASCII characters a Start bit is sent before the first data bit and a Stop bit is sent after the eighth data bit The start bit is always a sBace and the stop bit is always a mark Between characters the signal is in the marking condition Figure 6 5 1 shows how the ASCII character 1 is transmit...

Page 63: ... Table 6 5 1 lf you are using a computer then a program or communieation software must be used to enable the serial port and to make the computer function as a terminal The port should be enabled for 300 1200 or 9600 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit and no parity TERM PC208 Software provides this function for IBM PC IXT I AT IPS 2 s and compatibles lf you are not sure that your computer or terminal is ...

Page 64: ...ied by Ll COR the int The calibration in terms of volts is rers of the pyranometer is given determined py multiplying the pA calibration by the resistanbe of the fixed resistor The calibratfon of the pyranometer used in this example is ssumed to be 76 9pA kW m2 which when multillied by 100 ohms equals 7 69mV kWfm2 The multiplier used to convert the voltage feading to kWm2 is 1 17 69mVlklv m2 0 1 3...

Page 65: ...s the required length of expensive thermocouple wire as regular copper wire can be used between the junction box J box and 21X In addition if the temperature gradient between J box and the thermocouple measurement junction is smaller than the gradient between 21X and the measurement junction thermocouple accuracy is improved In the following example an external reference junction is used on 5 ther...

Page 66: ...lues are stored in input locations 4 6 The temperature measurements are made on single ended input channels 1 3 just as in Example 7 5 The program listed below is a continuation of the program given in Example 7 5 CONNECTIONS The black leads from the probes are connected to excitation channel 1 the clear leads are connected to ground The red leads are from the thermistor circuit and are connected ...

Page 67: ...e m s 0 01632 m s rpm x 6 rpm Hz x XHz 0 2 m s 0 0979 mls Hz x XHz 0 2 m s There are times when the 21X is not able to reset the pulse counters at the exact time interval programmed lf the artificially large wind speed that results from a long interual is used it causes a false average or maximum value To avoid this the 21X is instructed to discard values resulting from long intervals and use the ...

Page 68: ...l values the 21X would not overrange with V 4 4V To allow for the tolerances in the actual resistances it is decided to set V equal to 4 2 volts e 9 if the 10 kohms resistor is 57o low Rr R1 Rr Rt 115 54 9715 54 and V must be 4 204V to keep V less than 50mV The result of Instruction 9 when the first differentialmeasurement V1 is not made on the 5V range is equivalent to Rr R1 Instruction 16 comput...

Page 69: ...erage resistance of 22 AWG wire is 16 5 ohms per 1000 feet which would give each 500 foot lead wire a nominal resistance of 8 3 ohms Two percent of 8 3 ohms is 0 17 ohms Assuming that the greater resistance is in wire the resistance measured for the PRT Ro 100 ohms in the ice bath would be 100 17 ohms and the resistance at 40oC would be 115 71 The measured ratio R Ro is 1 1551 the actual ratio is ...

Page 70: ...ained when the temperature range results in an output voltage V range which fills the measurement range selected in Instruction 6 The full bridge configuration allows the bridge to be balanced V 0V at or near the control temperature Thus the output voltage can go both positive and negative as the bath temperature changes allowing the full use of the measurement range The resistance of the PRT is a...

Page 71: ...ing well Instruction 6 4 Wire Full Bridge is used to measure the pressure transducer The high output ol the semiconductor strain gauge necessitates the use of the 50mV input range The sensor is calibrated by connecting it to the 01 01 02 03 Q4 05 06 07 08 7 8 21X and using lnstruction 6 with a multiplier of and an offset of 0 noting the readings 6 with 10 cm of water above the sensor and with 334 ...

Page 72: ...ltage actually applied to the load cell V t would be V1 V Rs R1 Vx 350 350 33 0 91 Vx Where V is the excitation voltage This means that the voltage output by the load cell would only be 91 of that expected lf recording of the lysimeter data was initiated with the load cell output at 0 volts and 100mm of evapotranspiration had occurred calculation of the change with Instruction 6 would indicate tha...

Page 73: ...llow a longer period before readjustment is necessary The result of Instruction 9 monitored with the 6 Mode is 109 The offset needed to give the desired initial value of 375mm is 266 However it is decided to add this offset in a separate instruction so that the result of lnstruction 9 can be used as a ready reminder of the strain on the load cell range t140mm When the strain on the load cell nears...

Page 74: ...put 08 3 1685 C4 the final datd in bars The soilwhere the 09 33392 C5 moisture are to be made is quite is expected to dry beyond the 2 bar limit of the wet range pOlynomial The dry range polynomial is used so multiplier of 0 1 is entered in the bridge translorm instruction When the wfter potential is computed it is written over the resistance value The potentials are stored iri input locations 1 6...

Page 75: ...tion 55 become 01 P4 01 5 02 5 03 1 04 1 05 10 06 2000 07 1 08 001 09 0 PROGRAM Excite Delay Volt SE Reps 5000 mV slow Range lN Chan Excite all reps w EXchan 1 Delay units 01sec mV Excitation Loc Mult Offset c0 53 784 c1 147 97 c2 218 76 c3 219 05 c4 111 34 c5 23 365 FIGURE 7 15 1 101 Thermistor Probes Connected to 21X 02 P55 Polynomial 01 5 Reps 02 1 X Loc 03 1 F X Loc 04 53 784 C0 05 147 97 C1 0...

Page 76: ...e as for Example 7 5 where instruction 11 is used to measure hree 107 Temperature Probes SECTION 7 MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 01 01 02 03 o4 05 06 07 08 02 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 P5 3 2 1r 1 4000 1i 8001 0i q q 1 1 sq 46 99 807 83 257 52 283 1q 723 4 211 l PROGRAM AC Half Bridge Reps 15 mV slow Range lN Chan Excite all reps w EXchan 1 mV Excitation Loc 107 T 1 Mult Otfset 55 Polynomial R...

Page 77: ...ng example demonstrates a program a runnrng average ln this each time a new measurement case a thermocouple is made in an average is computed for the 10 Input Location Labels 1 PanlTemp 1S Temp i 5 2 10smplav 16 Temp i 4 11 Temp i 9 17 Temp i 3 12 Temp i 8 18 Temp i 2 13 Temp i 7 19 Temp i 1 14 Temp i 6 2O Temp i Where i is current reading i l is previous reading etc 1 01 10 most recent samples Th...

Page 78: ...e Input Location Labels 1 AVG i 2 2 AVG i 1 3 AVG i 4 3 HR AVG 5 XX mg M3 Table 1 Programs Sec Execution lnterval Volt DIFF Rep 5000 mV slow Range lN Chan Loc XX mg M3 Mult Offset 02 P92 01 0 O2 60 03 10 03 P80 01 3 02 3 lf time is minutes into a minute interval Set high Flag 0 output Set Active Storage Area Input Storage Area Array lD or location Average Rep Loc XX mg M3 SpatialAverage Swath Firs...

Page 79: ... and the 21X panel temperature is used for the reference temperatu re The AM416 switches lhe 223 moisture block out of the circuit when it is not being measured This eliminates the need for the blocking capacitors used in the model 227 soil moisture block The 223 blocks are about one fifth the cost of lhe 227 blocks Control ports are used to reset the AM416 and clock it through its channels The se...

Page 80: ...M MULTIPLEXING THERMOCOUPLES AND SOIL MOISTURE BLOCK For Thermocouple and Soil Moisture Block Measurements 06 P5 01 1 02 14 03 3 04 2 05 500 06 18 07 1 08 0 AC Half Bridge Rep 500 mV fast Range lN Chan Excite all reps w EXchan 2 mV Excitation Loc SOIL M 1 Mult Offset End Do Set low Port 1 BR Transform Rf V 1 X Reps Loc SOIL M 1 Multiplier Rf lf time is minutes into a minute interval Set high Flag ...

Page 81: ...Execution Interval Time Tenths of seconds into minute maximum 600 Mod by Loc 30 SEC 0 Panel Temperature Loc REF TEMP J Thermocouple Temp DIFF Rep 5 mV fast Range lN Chan Type E Chromel Constantan Ref Temp Loc REF TEMP Loc TC TEMP Mult Offset lf X F X Loc 30 SEC 0 02 03 02 01 03 01 02 03 o4 05 06 07 08 o4 01 02 03 o4 300 10 P17 1 P14 1 11 2 2 1 2 1 0 P89 10 4 10 this short when the the Output Flag ...

Page 82: ...peralure and solar radiation every hour Input location Assignments 1 WS 2 0 360 WD 3 Ta 4 SR S WS output 6 0 540 out 7 Ta output 8 SR output 10 0 540 WD Table 1 Programs Sec Execution Interval Pulse Rep Pulse Input Chan Switch closure Output Hz Loc WS 1 Mult Offset Excite Delay Volt S E Rep 500 mV fast Range lN Chan Excite all reps w EXchan 1 Delay units 01sec 06 1000 07 2 08 72 09 0 mV Excitation...

Page 83: ...d direction is output to a strip chart the digcontinuity at 0 360 will cause the pen to jump back and forth full scale when the winds are v rying from the north In the days of strip charts nis was solved with a 0 540 degree pot on the vriind vane direction changes from 540 to 180 dnd from 0 to 360 so the pen only jumps once iivhen the wind is out of the north or south When with the necessity of st...

Page 84: ...rop TC TC derived Wet bulb Temp Vap Pressure The props can all be measured as single ended voltages but the verticalwind prop calibration differs from the U and V prop calibration The fastest input sequence is to measure both 6 props with a single instruction using the U and V calibration and correct the W measurements with the Fixed Multiply Instruction 37 The type E thermocouples are measured on...

Page 85: ...e destination location in the WeV0ry Bulb Instruction The CV CR Instruction niust be entered twice once for each level In addition tQ ordering Level 1 and Level 2 in locations 1 and 1 1 15 respectively 2 more locations are required Convefting the wet dry bulb measurements to vapor pressure using lnstruction 57 requires atmospheric pressure We ll use the standard atmosphere for the site elevation a...

Page 86: ...2 O1 0 O2 30 03 10 11 P62 01 5 02 5 03 5 04 0 05 4 06 2 07 300 08 1 09 20 12 P62 01 5 02 5 03 5 04 0 05 4 06 2 07 300 08 11 09 36 13 P77 01 1 10 14 P7O 01 35 02 20 02 P1 01 6 02 5 03 1 04 1 05 06 0 01 P17 01 16 03 P14 01 4 O2 11 03 7 04 2 05 16 06 7 07 1 08 0 05 01 o2 03 04 P37 Z X F 01 1 XLocWl 02 1 2222 F 03 1 ZLoc W1 P37 Z X F 4 XLocW2 1 2222 F 4 Z Loc W2 06 P54 01 5 02 4 03 1 04 11 05 1 07 P31...

Page 87: ... 0 The O ZStlzsignalbegan at27O degrees and ended at 126 degrees The phases ofthe 1 25 and 0 25 signals are27O and 198 respectively fl able 8 8 2 FFT ANALYSIS OF 0 25 AND 1 25 Hz SIGNAL o 9 0 6 3i i o r 6t 3 o a ol o 7 o7 d o rcsu o J96a o 596 o 7ol26 o976 l r7192 IJ6724 FntMKl rN h 6rS O TO 150 FIGURE 8 8 2 FFT Power Spectra Analysis of 0 25 and 1 25 Hz Signal 8 8 FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM EXAMPLES ...

Page 88: ...0 0 o 0 00009 0 0036 o c6277 0 19439 0 21391 0 08709 0 00796 0 00034 0 00069 o 04342 o 23044 o 37302 0 23053 0 0435 0 0006 0 TABLE 8 8 2 FFT Magnitude and Phase Results 0 25 and 1 25H2 Signal BIN 0 1 2 3 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 511 Hz 0 0 009766 0 019532 0 029298 0 214852 o 224618 0 234384 o 24415 0 253916 0 263682 0 2734 8 0 283214 1 22075 1 230516 1 240282 1 250048 1 ...

Page 89: ...mmy data set that represents two signats supelimposed on top of each other One signal has a frequency of 1 25 Hz and a ze ro to peak amptitt e of 1 while the other signal has a frequency of 25 Hz and a zero to peak amplitude ofl Tne data simulates a sampling rate of l0 Hl or a 1 sec scan rate l This prografi generates power spectra FFT results with Out bin averaging Flag Usage Flag 1 is automatica...

Page 90: ...d are illustrated in Figure 8 8 4 In the example program a multiplier of 0 1 is used in the FFT lnstruction By reducing the FFT results by a factor of 10 the Low Resolution output format can be used thus maximizing the Final Storage capacity A Low Resolution data point requires 2 bytes of Final Storage memory while a High Resolution data point requires 4 bytes When memory is a limiting factor the ...

Page 91: ... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 226 0 527 6 246 21 52 123 1 Do CallSubroutine 1 Beginning of Loop Delay Loop Count Do Set high Flag 0 output RealTime Seconds Sample Rep Loc End End Do Set low Flag 1 FFT o 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Program Slmulate ocean wave data with 4 super impofid sine wave signals Hz zero to p...

Page 92: ... 3 Subroutines Beginning of Subroutine Subroutine Number Beginning of Loop Delay Loop Count P37 2 30 2 P58 1 2 3 o o2 08 P53 01 4 Q2 1 03 144 04 1 05 100 77 06 1 07 90 08 1 09 72 09 01 02 10 01 o2 03 Polynomial Rep X Loc F X Loc c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 Z FRAC X X Loc TLoc Z X F X Loc F ZLoc Z X F X Loc F Zloc Low Pass Filter Rep Sample Loc Loc Weighting Factor Scaling Array A loc B Start Loc A1 B1 A2 82...

Page 93: ...01 0 02 4 17 P33 01 8t 02 12 03 12 18 19 01 02 03 Z X MOD F X Loc F ZLoc z stN x X Loc ZLoc End Scaling Array A loc B Start Loc A1 B1 M 92 A3 B3 A4 B4 Z F F ZLoc Beginning of Loop Delay Loop Count Z X Y X Loc Y Loc ZLoc End Z X F X Loc F ZLoc End End End Table 3 Mode 10 Memory Allocation Input Locations I ntermediate Locations P37 12 1l 2841 P95l P95 20 21 22 A 01 2500 02 274 8 17 ...

Page 94: ...ion for first measuremenl FP Multiplier FP Offset Input locatidns altered 1 per measurement 2 DIFFERENTIAL VOLTS FUNCTION This instruclion reads the voltage difference between thQ high and low inputs of a differential channel T4ble 9 1 contains allvalid voltage ranges and ltheir codes Both the high and low inputs mustlbe within tSV of the 21X s ground see Commpn Mode Range in Section 13 2 Pyranome...

Page 95: ...t is 65 535 and the 8 bit counters are hardware reset to zero The pulses accumulate in these 16 bit accumulators until the program table containing the Pulse Count instruction is executed At the beginning of the execution of the Table containing the Pulse Count instruction the total in the 16 bit accumulator is transferred to a temporary RAM buffer The 16 bit accumulator is then zeroed When the ta...

Page 96: ... an excitation voltage delay a specified time and then make a single ended voltage measurement A 1 before the excitation channel number 1X causes the channelto be incremented with each repetition PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 2 Repetitions 2 Range code 2 lnput channel number for first measurement 2 Excitation channel number 05 4 Delay in hundredths of a second 06 4 Excitation voltage millivol...

Page 97: ...tage measurements on two adjacent single ended channels the first on the reference resistor and the second on the voltage sensing wire from sensor Figure 13 5 1 then reverse the excitation voltage and repeat the measurements The two measurements are used to calculate the resulting value which is the ratio of the voltage across the sensor to the voltage across the reference resistor A 1 before the ...

Page 98: ...applies a 4 VAC excitation voltage to Campbell Scientific s Model 107 Thermistor Probe makes a fast single ended voltage measurement on the 15mV range and then calculates the temperature in degrees C with a polynomial The maximum polynomial error from 40oC to 55oC is given below Curve Fit Error Range oC 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 FP FP 01 02 03 o4 05 06 07 08 09 channels the second the second phannel Vr divide...

Page 99: ...re elements use a common excitation line NEVER EXCITE THE2O7 PROBE WITH DC EXCITATION this includes ohm meters as the RH chip will be damaged The maximum error from the polynomial used for calculating RH is given here Range RH 10 100 15 94 Error RH PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION Repetitions First channelfor RH measurement Excitation channel number Input location for first compensating temperat...

Page 100: ... T D FUNCTION This instruction uses the result of a previous RTD bridge measurement to calculate the temperature according to the DIN 43760 specification adjusted 1980 to conform to the pending International Electrotechnical Commission standard The polynomial range is 200oC to 850oC The error is less than 0 001oC between 100 and 300oC and is less than 0 003oC between 180oC and 830oC The error T ca...

Page 101: ...t locations altered 1 19 MOVE SIGNATURE INTO INPUT LOCATION FUNCTION This instruction stores the signature of the Read Only Memory ROM and user program memory RAM into an input location This signature is not the same as the signatures given in the Mode Recording the signature allows of any program change or ROM failure PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 lnput location number lnput locations a...

Page 102: ...t with 1 SECTION 9 INPUT OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS and greater voltage ranges are practical range codes 13 15 Excitation is always supplied from excitation channel 1 The excitation voltage in millivolts is entered in Parameter 9 lf excitation is not needed enter 0 for Parameter 9 TRIGGER Measurements may be triggered either by the value of the measurement on the first channel being measured or by an ext...

Page 103: ...he trigger and subsequent measurements can be sent The number of measurements is determined by Parameters 1 and 6 Because the total number of measurements are limited only by the storage o the receiving computer this can be a very large number Parameter 6 is the number of measurements per channel to send in units of 1000 e 9 0 001 represents 1 measurement lf 0 is entered for Parameter 6 the 21X wi...

Page 104: ...1 Digital trigger on single ended Channel 1 1H 2 Same as 0 but set DigitalControl Port 1 high when trigger is met Low offset to the calibration I raw data determined by the first is a fixed value determined by the input range lected 15 through ln_2a re the raw data Thus the value of the first sent M1 in millivolts is Mr lzlls ls 1 The measurdment data are sent in the order that the measureinents a...

Page 105: ...n in Table 1 to read the timer will store the elapsed time since the timer was reset in Table 2 Elapsed time is tracked in 0 1 second increments but displayed as an integer For example a 20 second elapsed time is d as 200 The time starts over after reaching a maximum value of 65 536 about 109 minutes The timer is also reset in response to certain keyboard entries When tables are changed and compil...

Page 106: ...ule the datalogger automatically increments the address and continues to the next SW8A The address settings for rnultiple SWSA s must sequentially increase For example assume 2 SWSA s addressed as 22 and 23 are connected and 12 Reps are requested 8 channels from the first SWBA and the first 4 channels from the next will be read Only one Function Option Parameter 3 may be specified per lnstruction ...

Page 107: ...ting at the input location specified in parameter 3 Any non zero value stored in an input location activates connects ground the associated SDM CD16 port A value of zero 0 deactivates the port open circuit For example assuming 2 Reps and a starting input location of 33 OUTPUT 1 through 16 of the first SDM CD16 are set according to Input Locations 33 through 48 and OUTPUT 1 through 16 of the second...

Page 108: ... INPUT LOCATION Z Z 1 FUNCTIONI Add 1 to th current value in input location Z PAR DATA NO TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Destination for input location lZ Input locati0ns altered 1 33 X Y FUNCTION Add the value in lnput location X to the value in location Y and place the result in location Z PAR DATA NO TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Input location of X 02 4 Input location of Y 03 4 Dest input location of X Y lnput...

Page 109: ...ations altered 1 39 SQUARE ROOT FUNCTION Take the square root of the value in location X and place the result in location Z lf the value in X is negative O will be stored as the result PAR DATA NO TYPE DESCRIPTION Input location of X Dest input location for X1 2 Input locations altered 1 40 LN X FUNCTION Take the natural logarithm of the value in location X and place the result in location Z lf th...

Page 110: ...ut locations and place the result in location Z To find the input location where the maximum value occurs enter 1000 the input location number 1000 Z as Parameter 03 The input location of the maximum value observed willthen be stored in destination Z plus 1 01 4 Q2 FP 03 4 lzl PAR NO 01 02 DATAI TYPEi DESCRIPTION Input location of X tX1 Dest input location for ABS X Z lnput locatiofrs altered 1 4i...

Page 111: ...ns altered 1or2 51 SPATIAL AVERAGE FUNCTION Calculate the average of the values in the given set or SWATH of contiguous input locations and place the result in location Z PAR DATA NO TYPE DESCRIPTION Swath Starting input location 1ST Dest input location for average IAVG or lnput locations altered 1 53 SCALING ARRAY WITH MULTIPLIER AND OFFSET FUNCTION Take 4 input location values multiply each by a...

Page 112: ...re in kilopascals wet bulb temperature deg C ambient air temperature deg C air pressure in kilopascals 0 000660 0 00115 Although the algorithm requires an air pressure entry the daily fluctuations are small enough that for most applications a fixed entry of the standard pressure at the site elevation will suffice lf a pressure sensor is employed the current pressure can be used argument X power 99...

Page 113: ...ion 59 is stored in the same location that X was PAR DATA NO TYPE DESCRIPTION Repetitions Starting input location and 01 2 02 4 destination 03 FP Multiplier Rf tx IMULT 01 2 o2 4 03 4 data Repetitions REPS First input location for input data txl Dest input location for filtered lnput locations altered 1 for each repetition 60 FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM THEORY Instruction 60 performs a Fast Fourier Tra...

Page 114: ... to the power of Parameter 1 is equal to the number of data values in the originaltime series data N For example if Parameter 1 13 then N 8192 Maximum value for Parameter 1 is 13 8192 PARAMETER 2 the FFT Option is a two digit parameter The first digit specifies which results are to be generated and the second digit specifies whether or not a taper is applied First Digit A 0 in the first digit spec...

Page 115: ...uency and the FFT results just mentioned An example showing each of the possible results is given in Section 8 8 1 DC COMPONENT Before the FFT is applied the average of the originaltime series data is subtracted from each value This is done to maintain the resolution the math in the rest of the FFT calculations lf the real and imaginary or the magnitude and phase results are specified by Parameter...

Page 116: ... Hzto 1 2 the samplin frequency The value of i varies from 1 to N 2 The result in each bin i is related to the magnltude M of the wave in the following m4nner 14 15I SECTION 10 PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS where the magnitude is half of the zero to peak amplitude or one quarter of the peak to peak value of the sinusoidal signal The power spectra can also be expressed as either of the following PSi N Ui...

Page 117: ...1 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 Bin Averaging LOC REPRESENTATIVE FREQUENCY APS X PS O 5 PSn4_4y2 PSn4 ed ln 1 where i goes from nA A 2 1 to nA A 2 1 The following table illustrates how bin is done given a time series of 1024 values at one per second with the resulting 512 bins averaged in groups of 4 Parameter 3 base 2 of 4 2l to produce 127 averaged bins In the following example averagi...

Page 118: ...ing before storing the values in FinalSto age Sample Instruction 70 must be SECTION 10 PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS used to transfer final results from lnput to Final Storage To accommodate cases where it is desirable to calculate the statistical quantities over time periods shorter than the Output Interval an averaging period shorter than the Output Interval may be specified The finalvalues obtained a...

Page 119: ...ing time and Intermediate Storage requirements increase rapidly The instruction requires that the input values reside sequentially in lnput Storage Since the number of outputs is specified for each type of statistical calculation the instruction starts with the first value working sequentially through the input values For this reason the order of the input values determines which values are proces...

Page 120: ... whenever the Output Flag is set This accommodates situations where the Output Interval may not be an integer multiple of the averaging period lf for example a 30 minute Output Interval is set by Instruction 92 and an 8 minute averaging period is specified by Parameter 7 then three I minute and one 6 minute calculations willoccur The proper weighting of these values in producing the final output i...

Page 121: ...y sensors as possible into the fewest measurement instructions ignoring the Input location order required by the CV CR Instruction After the measurements are made use ii1ove instructions i e 31 and 54 to obtain the proper input order The slower alternative is to order separate measurement instructions directly as required by the CV CR Instruction While avoiding move instructions this approach uses...

Page 122: ... direction from either polar wind speedland direction or orthogonal fixed East and propellers sensors lt uses the raw data to mean wind the mean wind speed the Standard deviation of horizontal wind fluctuations from sub intervals is calculated as follows o o oo1 2 c 2 2 1 oo 2 MJ1 2 where o is the standard deviation over the output interual and oO t o u are sub interval standard deviations PARAM D...

Page 123: ...odel Measured raw data Si horizontal wind speed i horizontal wind direction Ue s651 est component of wind Un n916 south component of wind N number of samples Calculations Scalar mean horizontalwind speed S S si N where in the case of orthogonal sensors S Ue 2 Un 2 1 2 Unit vector mean wind direction 1 where Ux Xsin N Uy Xcos O N or in the case of orthogonal sensors Ux x Ue U N Uy E Un Ui N where U...

Page 124: ... max or min value with HOUR MINUTE information 11 Output the max or min value with HR M IN SEC information 74 MINIMUM FUNCTION Operating in the same manner as Instruction 73 this instruction is used for storing the MINIMUM value sensed for each input location specified over a given output interval PAR DATA NO TYPE DESCRIPTION 2 Repetitions 2 Time of minimum optional 4 Starting input location no Ou...

Page 125: ...hted value input location parameter Otherwise this parameter specifies the input location of the weighted value With more than one repetition the bin select value location will be incremented each repetition and the weighted value location will remain the same same weighted value sorted on the basis of different bin select values The weighted value location will be incremented if it is entered as ...

Page 126: ...ONS PAR DATA NO TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 O lowresolution 1 high resolution Outputs generated 0 79 SAMPLE ON MAXIMUM OR MINIMUM FUNCTION Instruction 79 samples specified input location values at the time a new maximum or minimum value is detected by a previous Maximize 73 or Minimize 74 Instruction When the Output Flag is set the values copied to Intermediate Storage are transferred to Final Storage I...

Page 127: ... example if the lower limit is 100 and the upper limit is 150 and there are 5 amplitude bins the maximum amplitude is 150 100 50 The amplitude change between bins and the upper limit of the smallest amplitude is 50 5 10 Cycles with an amplitude A less than 10 willbe counted in the first bin The second bin is for 10 A 20 the third for 20 A 30 etc In determining the ranges for mean bins the actual v...

Page 128: ...an bins No of Amplitude bins Low limit of input data High limit of input data Minimum distance between peak and valley Option AB A Form 0 closed 1 open form B Output 0 fraction 1 counts Input location to start storing histogram Enter 0 to send output directly to Final Storage SECTION 11 OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 82 STANDARD DEVIATION IN TIME FUNCTION Calculate the standard deviation STD DEV o...

Page 129: ... lnstruction and the End Instruction 95 are repeated the number of times specified by the iteration count Parameter 2 or until an Exit Loop command 31 32 is executed by a Program Control Instruction within the Loop lf 0 is entered for the count the loop is repeated until an Exit Loop command is executed The first parameter delay controls how frequently passes through the loop are made The delay un...

Page 130: ...ented by 1 with each pass through the loop The lndex counter is added to the location number in the program table lnput locations which are not indexed will remain constant To specify an Indexed location depress the C key at some point while keying in the digits for the input location and before entering the location with the A key Two dashes appear in the two right most characters of the display ...

Page 131: ...own bblow with the first example Instruction lQcation equalto 10 The Input Instructions fo make the pressure and temperature measurements are assumed Loop Example Block Data Transform Beginning of Loop Delay Loop Count Wet Dry Bulb Temp to VP Pressure Loc Dry Bulb Temp Loc DRY BLB 1 Wet Bulb Temp Loc VP 1 Loc VP 1 1 End lf time is minutes into a minute interval Set high Flag O output Average Reps ...

Page 132: ...ATA NO TYPE DESCRIPTION Input location for X Comparison code Table 12 5 Input location for Y Command Input locations altered 0 Execution time 0 6ms TABLE 12 5 Comparison Codes 4 2 4 2 30 P87 01 6 02 0 37 P89 01 25 O2 3 03 5 04 32 02 P18 01 2 O2 24 03 25 Function IFX Y IFX Y IFX Y IFX Y 39 89 IF X COMPARED TO F FUNCTION This instruction compares an input location to a fixed value and if the result ...

Page 133: ...ur The time interval is automatically synchronized by making a modulo divide of the number of minutes since minutes Qnly one execution is allowed in any minute e g if the command is to set the Output Flag and t e execution interual of the table is 10 SECTION 12 PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS The Output Flag Flag 0 is a special case in that it will automatically be set low if it is not time to set it...

Page 134: ...ers as the 8 and 9 modes which can be used to get a residual or paftial dump of Final Storage Section 4 Note that the Tape output will not activate until at least 512 Final Storage Locations have been stored PAR NO 12 6 Do not use 4 to activate a device that is activated by Instruction 96 DATA TYPE DESCRIPTION Option OO TAPE The left digit specifies the and the right specifies the baud rate for th...

Page 135: ...n a RF link to the base stationp A non zero entry N for Parameter 9 will result in N parameters numbered 10 to N 9 in which the RF station lDs are keyed The RF station lDs are the lDs of the RF Modems in the path from the initiating datalogger tp the base station This excludes the lD of thd initiating datalogger s RF Modem Parameter 10 N 10 if 0 RF stations are specified is the number of digits if...

Page 136: ...18 would be entered for Parameter 1 This instruction can be used to send a control character to activate some device The specified character is sent at the time Instruction 98 is executed this willcause it to precede any output arrays generated in the same table since the output data is sent to the printer at the completion of the table PAR DATA NO TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Decimal Value of ASCII char...

Page 137: ...integration taking place after the sigPal had disappeared 450 uS 250uS fost 550uS Reset Inteqrotor 16 67mS slow FIGURE 13 1 1 Timing of Single Ended Measurement Before making a series of measurements prescribed by an lnput Instruction the 21X makes a calibration measurement The calibration is accomplished by measuring two known voltages which are sent through the same amplifier circuit that will b...

Page 138: ...For example if the high side of a differential input is at 4V and the low side is at 3V relative to 21X ground there is no problem a measurement made on the rSV range would indicate a signal of 1V However if the high input is at 5 8V and the low input is at 4 8V the measurement 13 2 cannot be made because the high input is outside of the common mode range The 21X will indicate the overrange with t...

Page 139: ...TANT The rate at which an input voltage rises to its full value or that a transient decays to the correct input level afe both determined by the input settling time constant ln both cases the waveform is an exponential Figure 13 3 1 shows both p rising and decaying waveform settling to tfip signal level Vso The rising input voltage is d scribed by Equation 13 3 1 and the decaying in ut voltage by ...

Page 140: ...9 a thermistor configured as a half bridge Figure 13 3 3 shows Figure 13 3 2 redrawn in terms of the resistive paths determining the source resistance Ro is given by the parallel resistance of Rs and Rf as shown in Equation 13 3 8 F GURE 13 3 2 Typical Resistive Half Bridge 13 4 21X HI OR LO INPUT FIGURE 13 3 3 Source Resistance Model for Half Bridge Connected to the 21X Ro Fl Rr R Rr 13 3 8 lf Rl...

Page 141: ...source resistance is given by Ro Ru R Rn R R Rr Ru 2Ok R b lz0k 13 3 12 Note that at 360 degrees Ro is at a maximum of 5k Ro 10k and at 0 degrees Ro is 0 Ru O It follows that settling errors are less at lower direction values The value of R5 for any direction D degrees is given by Rs kohms 10kXD i360 13 3 13 Equation 13 3 6 can be rewritten to yield the settling error of a rising signal directly i...

Page 142: ...tage lf the peak transient level V o is less than the true signal Vro the transient has no effect on the measurement lf V o is greater than Vro it must settle to the correct signal voltage to avoid errors SHIELD FIGURE 13 3 6 Resistive Half Bridge Connected to Single Ended 21X Input The size of the peak transient is linearly related to the excitation voltage and increases as the bridge resistor Rs...

Page 143: ...5 500 50 500 TABLE Sensor Model Ro Cw kohms pfd ft 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 5 Vx mV V o mV 4000 100 3000 130 4000 0 500 0 5000 125 1000 0 90 Summary of Input Settling Data For CampbellScientific Resistive Sensors T us 107 207 RH WVU 7 227 237 o24A 8641 8771 8723 8641 8641 8771 42 41 62 42 42 41 45 44 65 5 45 45 t 222 Estimated time constants are for 1000 foot lead lengths and include 3 3nfd 21X input capac...

Page 144: ...ge with this configuration is the high source resistance shown in column 3 of Table 13 3 7 Adding another 1K resistor R1 as shown in Figure 13 3 78 lowers the source resistance of the 21X input This offers no improvement over configuration A because Ri still combines with the lead capacitance to slow the signal response at point P The source resistance at point P column 5 is essentially the 13 8 v...

Page 145: ...on resistor Rr and its influence on the thermistor resistance is negligible similar td the measurement Leave the sensor nd open as shown in Figure 13 3 8 and me sure the result using the same instructiOn parameters to be used with the sensor The measured deviation from 0V is the input settling error Most Cqmpbell Scientific sensors are configurFd with a small bridge resistor R1 typically 1 kohm to...

Page 146: ...s of the wires are connected to the measuring device With the connectors at the same temperature the chemical dissimilarity between the thermocouple wire and the connector does not induce any voltage When the temperature of the reference junction is known the temperature of the measuring junction can be determined by measuring the thermocouple voltage and adding the corresponding temperature diffe...

Page 147: ...l accuracy is typically better than t0 2oC The major error component in the 35oC to 50oC range is the 0 2oC thermistor specification When a21X is outside of this temperature range the polynomialerror becomes much worse Figure 13 4 1 and may necessitate the use of an external reference junction to improve the accuracy Any difference in temperature between the thermistor and the actual reference jun...

Page 148: ...ablished limits of error on thermocouple wire which is accepted as an industry standard ANSI MC 96 1 1975 Table 13 4 1 gives the ANSI limits of error for standard and special grade thermocouple wire of the types accommodated by the 21X TABLE 13 4 1 Limits of Error for Thermocouple Wire Reference Junction at OoC Limits of Error Whichever is greater E K Standard 1 OoC or 1 5o r 1 OoC or O 75 o 2 2oC...

Page 149: ...ates a temperature difference of 10 2oC a O 2oC error The temperature calculated by the 21X would be 262 4oC 27 6oC low TABLE 13 4 3 Reference Temperature Compensation Range and Polynomial Error Relative to NBS Standards THERMOCQUPLE POLYNOMIALS Voltage to Temperafure NBS Monogfaph 125 gives high order polynomials for computing the output voltage of a given therinocouple type over a broad range of...

Page 150: ...wire has a smaller temperature range than standard thermocouple wire but meets the same limits error within that range The only situation it would be necessary to use extension grade wire instead of a external measuring junction is where the junction box temperature is outside the range of reference junction compensation provided by the 21X This is only a factor when Lsing type K thermocouples whe...

Page 151: ...excitation as programmed and another sel of measurements with the excitation polarity reversed The error in the two measurements due to thermal emfs is then accounted for in the processing of the measurement instruction The excitation is switched on 450ps before the integration portion of the measuremenl stads and is grounded as soon as the integration is completed Figure 13 5 2 shows the excitati...

Page 152: ...ATION ALTERNATES X POLARITY FOR ION vx K5 f 1 DEPOLARIZATION 4 WIRE FULL BRIDGE 3 WIRE HALF BRIDGE 6 WIRE FULL BRIDGE WITH EXCITATION LEAD COMPENSATION 4 WIRE HALF BRIDGE X looo tooo f 3 R1 2V2 V1 R5 v_ Vx v1 Rr R2 Rr Rz v2 1000q 1000 v olr 5 v RANGE RrR2 t p n R 1 q V2 R5 Vr Rr vl NoT 0N s v RANGE 13 16 FIGURE 13 5 1 Circuits Used with Instructions 4 9 ...

Page 153: ...lculating the actual resistance of a sensor which is one of the legs of a resistive bridge usually requires the use of one or two Processing Instructions in addition to the bridge measurement instruction lnstruction 59 takes a value X in a specified input location and computes the value M U 1 X where M is the multiplier and stores the result in the original location lnstruction 42 computes the rec...

Page 154: ...3 x 1000 R2 R1 Rr E X t 1 X4 Rs where X X3 7 9 X Rs Rr Rs Rf X Rt R x Mult 1A ofs O Mult Rr Mult 1A ofs 0 Mult 1 Rs Mult 1 ofs 0 mult Rr Mult 1 ofs 0 59 Mult 1 R ofs 0 42 used for full bridge 6 or 9 Mult 0 001i ofs Rg Rg Ra g Mult 1A ofs Rs Rs R 59 Mult 1 Rz 42 6 or 9 Mult 0 001i ofs Rg Ra Ra 59 Mult Rr 6 or 9 Mult 0 001 ofs Rzl Rr Rz 59 Mult Rn 6or9 Mult 0 001 ofs R2 R1 R2 Mult 1 Rs used as half ...

Page 155: ...e Sensor with Ground Loop In Figure 13 6 2 V is the excitation voltage Rf is a fixed resistor R is the sensor resistance and R6 is the resistance between the excited electrode and 21X earth ground With R6 in the network the measured signal is Some These and wetness Vr V A R Rs RsRf RG 13 6 1 RsRr Re is the source of error due to the ground loop When RG is large the equation reduces to the ideal Th...

Page 156: ...or and outdoor use A 1 25 diameter entry exit pot t is located at the bottom of the enclosure for routing cables and wires The enclosure door can be fastened with the hasp for easy access or with the two supplied screws for more permanent applications The white plastic inserts at the corners of the enclosure must be removed to insert the screws Both enclosures are white for reflecting solar radiat...

Page 157: ...r supply A transzorb provides transient protection by limiting voltage at approximately 20V System operating time for the batteries can be determined by dividing the battery capacity amp hours by the average system current drain The 21X draws 1 0 mA in the quiescent state 25 mA while processing and 60 mA during an analog measurement the length of operating time for each datalogger instruction is l...

Page 158: ...connected to the 21XL at alltimes The charging source powers the 21X while float charging the lead acid batteries The internal lead acid battery powers the datalogger if the charging source is interrupted The 21XL lead acid battery specifications are given in Table 14 3 2 The connector from the charging source can be inserted into the receptacle on the side of the 21XL A transzorb provides transie...

Page 159: ...n selecting a solar panel a rule of thumb that on a stormy overcast day the panel should provide enough charge to meet the system current drain assume 1Oo of average annual global radiation kwm2 Specific site information if available could strongly i the solar panel selection For example local etfects such as mountain shadows fog from valley inversion snow ice leaves birds etc shading the panel sh...

Page 160: ...excess of 75 mA at room tempefature limit of the 2N2907A SECTION 14 INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE medium power transistor the use of a relay Figure 14 7 1 would be required lOC MAXIMUM MAXIMUM CURRENT TO PERIPHERAL lS 75 mA AT 25t 40 mA AI 50t coNlR0t PORI FIGURE 14 7 2 Power Switching without Relay Other control port activated circuits are possible for applications with greater currenVvoltage dema...

Page 161: ...sensor power ground and the 21X ground should be connected creating one ground for the system In a laboratory application where more than one AC socket may be used to power various sensors it is not always safe to assume that the 14 6 power grounds are at the same potential To safe the ground of allthe AC sockets in use should be tied together with a 12 AWG wire 14 9 MAINTENANCE The 21X requires a...

Page 162: ...ST POINT which is the left side of the 3 3 K resistor shown in Figure 14 10 1 Connect the negative lead of the DVM to any ground on the front panel Set the DVM to read on its most sensitive DC Volt scale Adjust the DAC OFFSET POTENTIOMETER see Figure 14 10 1 for a DVM reading of 0 0000 V 0 0001 Change the 21X s program so that lnstruction 4 parameter 6 reads 4000 to change the DAC output to 4 V Se...

Page 163: ...itive lead of the frequency counter to pin 3 of the integrated circuit shown at Location P10 on Figure 14 10 2 Connect the ground lead to any one of the capacitor leads circled in the upper left corner of Figure 14 10 2 Adjust the variable capacitor at location 516 for a period of 49999 0 microseconds 20 ppm fast or 50000 0 microseconds exactly on Lock the variable capacitor into position wi a dab...

Page 164: ... t r l d R l I tt td ffiqgffiililH F ffik ffift F T8f lfTt ffil q I rll ll l o tffi ffiHHFnffi ep firFff qD 7fl lu l 11ff ftffi ftffift ffi H HHH d liJ r J ffffi THmHHHH 4 t ffd fiil r lg gilJ l F ir i ili H i l ij 1 I l rcuRE 14 1o 2 21x cPU Board trg rrlirq lc lF 1i J o i or9 o F a I d 14 9 ...

Page 165: ...ed for storing Output Arrays Final Storage may be viewed as a ring memory with the newest data being written over the oldest Data in FinalStorage may be displayed using the 7 Mode or sent to various peripherals Section 2 HIGH RESOLUTION A high resolution data value has 5 significant digits and may range in magnitude from 00001 to 99999 A high resolution data value requires 2 Final Storage location...

Page 166: ...Instructions is Final Storage The transfer of processed summaries to Final Storage takes place when the Output Flag is set by a Program Control Instruction PARAMETER When used in conjunction with 21X instructions parameters are numbers or codes which are entered when programming the 21X to specify exactly what the instruction is to do Once the instruction number has been entered in a program table...

Page 167: ...de scaled tq engineering units and the reading stored inl Final Storage The 21X has the ability to scan sensors at a rate exceeding the thro ghput rate see SAMPLE RATE The priftary factor affecting throughput rate is tfie amount of processing specified by the u er In normal operation all processipg called for by an instruction must be comfleted before moving on the next instructiqn The maximum thr...

Page 168: ... 08 1 1000 08 2 1000 09 0005 09 0004 09 0005 With this H4OIU and a hardware modification the slow integration time is 20 ms one 50 Hz cycle ls available for countries where 50 Hz Ac is used When purchasing a new 21X the user may select 1 of 3 combinations of software lf no option is specified tfp default OSX0 will be shipped The differences between the options are listed in the lnstructiong BURST ...

Page 169: ...by another J command or is terminated MSB set means a port toggle bYte and port status is to be returned the K command Like the MSB this bit but remains set once set until reset by another J command or telecommunications is terminated The remaining bits are reserved lf the 2nd MSB in b was set then c is a port toggle byte otherwise c d n are each 1 byte binary values each representing a datalogger...

Page 170: ...ata in Campbell Scientitic s binary data format Final Storage data will be limited to not more than 1024 bvtes per K command The K command data is terminated with 7F 00 HEX a unique binary format code followed by two signature bytes Refer to the datalogger manual for the meaning and calculation of the signature bytes The signature in this case is a function of the first time byte through the 7F OO...

Page 171: ... E and F all 1 is 7167 byte but CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC delines the largest allowable range as 6999 The decimal locators can be viewed as a negative base 10 exponent with decimal locations as follows C Decimal Location O XXXX 1 XXX X O XX XX 1 X XXX DATA TYPE WHEN D E F ALL EQUAL ONE lf D E and F are all ones the data type is determined by the other bits as shown below X implies a don t care condition...

Page 172: ...X XXXX XXXXX signature of the received data and comparing it to the transmitted signature it can be determined whether the data was received correctly SIGNATURE ALGORITHM 51 S0 represent the high and low bytes of the signature respectively M represents a transmitted data byte represents the existing byte represents the new byte represents a temporary represents the carry bit from a shift operation...

Page 173: ...opergtions Se rf 1 Tz 51 n M n 1 As each new transmitted byte is received the procedure is pepeated APPENDIX C BINARY TELECOMMUNICATIONS lr r Sr n I S1 n 1 So n t I 3 Form a tpmporary byte by shifting the old low sign ture byte one bit to the left and adding afy carry bit which results from the shift opefation A shift left is identicalto a multiply y 2 lgnore any carry bit resulting from the hdd c...

Page 174: ...T CONTROL U CONTROL V CONTROL W CONTROL X CONTROL Y CONTROL Z qoNTROL I OONTROL qoNTROL l CONTROL QONTROL _ x3 4 1e68 Dec Char Dec Char Dec Char 96 97 98 99 100 d 101 e 102 103 g 104 h 105 i 106 j 107 k 108 I 109 m 110 n 111 o 112 p 113 q 114 r 115 s 116 t t17 u 118 v 119 w 120 x 121 y 122 z 123 124 125 126 127 DEL 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59...

Page 175: ... l4al l F il FIGURE E 1 Memory Sockets on CPU Card E 2 INSTALLING NEW RAM CHIPS The standard 21X has the maximum memory allowable In the unlikely event that a RAM chip fails the 21X can detect the bad chip during its power up mernory check Section 1 5 As a iesult of this OhecktheZlXdisplays the status of the memoil chips as a sequence of 1s and 0s each reprfsenting a chip with the status of chip 1...

Page 176: ...RAM E 3 CHANGING PROM CHIPS PROMs are installed at locations 6 7 and 8 in Figure E l The procedure for changing a PROM is the same as for a RAM chip carefully pry out the old chip and insert the new one being certain that the notch on the chip is toward the close edge of the card and that all pins are correctly seated in the sockets In general the PROM chip with the lowest number is inserted in so...

Page 177: ...t I I I I I APFENDIX F DOCUMENTATION FOR SPECIAL SOFTWARE I I I I I I F 1 ...

Page 178: ...hes in the ll Decode position will read the file The PC201 will read the file if the TAPE COM program is run and the File Data Format is specified as either Printable ASCII or Comma Delineated ASC l LOADING PROGRAM FROM TAPE Use Command 4 to load a program from tape to the datalogger Connect the RC35 Cassette Recorder to the datalogger via the SC93A Cassette ReadAA rite Inter ace The recorder s vo...

Page 179: ...ands 1 7 d Mode Baud Rate and Storage Module Codes 1 7 PrJogram Load Error Codes 1 7 E ample Program Listing From D Command 1 1 8 INTERNAL DATA STORAGE R solution Range Limits of 21X Data 2 2 Decimal Location in Low Resolution Format 2 3 7 Mode Command Summary 2 3 INSTRUCTION SET BASICS 3 5 1 Infut Voltage Ranges and Codes 3 2 3 7 1 Flfg Description 3 3 3 7 2 Edample of the Use of Flag 9 3 4 3 8 1...

Page 180: ... 10 10 1 10 2 12 12 1 12 2 12 3 12 4 12 5 13 13 3 1 13 3 2 13 3 3 13 3 4 13 3 5 13 3 6 13 3 7 13 4 1 13 4 2 13 4 3 t3 4 4 13 5 1 13 5 2 Loop Example Block Data Transform 12 Example Loop With Delay Execution lnterval 10 seconds 1 Comparison Codes 1 21X MEASUREMENTS Exponential Decay Percent of Maximum Error vs Time in Units of 6 1 Properties of Three Belden Lead Wires Used by Campbell Scientific 13...

Page 181: ...1X Peripherals 14 1 icatAlkaline Battery Service and Temperature 14 3 12 LA Battery and AC Transformer Specifications 14 3 X5 and MSX10 Solar PanelSpecifications 14 4 14 2 1 14 3 1 14 3 2 14 4 1 APPENDIX B 21X PROM SIGNATURES AND SOFTWARE OPTIONS B 1 21X PROM Signatures 8 1 LT 3 ...

Page 182: ...able ASCII Output Format 4 7 I 6 9 PIT SERIAL INPUT OUTPUT 6 1 1 9 Fin Connector 6 1 6 5 1 Trqnsmitting the ASCII Character 1 6 4 M UREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES Diagram for L1200S 7 1 Connection for Active Sensor with External Battery 7 2 with External Reference Junction 7 3 Wif ing Diagram for PRT in 4 Wire Half Bridge 7 5 g VVire Half Bridge Used to Measure 100 ohm PRT 7 6 Full Bridge Schematic ...

Page 183: ... 3 1 13 3 2 13 3 3 13 3 4 13 3 5 13 3 6 13 3 7 13 3 8 13 3 9 13 4 1 13 4 2 13 5 1 13 5 2 13 6 1 13 6 2 14 INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14 3 1 14 6 1 14 7 1 14 7 2 14 10 1 14 10 2 APPENDIX E CHANGING RAM OR PROM CHIPS E 1 Memory Sockets on CPU Board LF 2 ...

Page 184: ...orm flnstruction 591 10 6 Programming example 7 11 Burst Measurement finstruction 23 9 9 C20 Cassette Interface 4 5 Cables Leads Avoid PVC insulated conductors 13 9 Lead length on signal settling time Effect of 13 3 Tipping bucket rain gauge with long leads programming example 7 4 Calibration procedures for 21X 14 G Cassette recorder 4 4 Cautionary Notes vii cD16 SDM CD16 9 14 Channels Analog OV 2...

Page 185: ...ifferentialVoltage w Excitation Delay flnstruction 8 9 4 Differential Volts flnstruction 2l 9 2 Programming examples 7 1 8 2 8 6 Display Pointer DPTR 2 1 Displaying setting Clock 5 Mode 1 2 Divide X Y flnstruction 381 10 2 X Mod F flnstruction 46 10 3 DO flnstruction 861 12 1 Programming example OV l0 DPTR 2 1 Druck pressure transducer 7 8 DSP Data Storage Pointer 4 1 DTE pin configuration 6 3 Dup...

Page 186: ... Location finstruction 32 10 1 Indexing Inpqt Location 3 1 lndirect Inde ed Move lnstruction 61 10 11 I 21X INDEX I nitiate Telecommunications lnstruction 97 12 6 Input Storage Altering 1 2 Changing size of 1 4 Dalatormat 2 2 Definition OV 3 Displaying 6 Mode Example of OV 10 Erasing with 0 B or D Mode 1 2 InpuVOutput Instructions l O 9 1 Definition OV S Memory and execution times 3 6 Voltage rang...

Page 187: ...OR construction Logical 3 5 osx o osx 1 osx 2 B 1 Output Array Calculating data points 4 2 Definition 2 l Setting lD 2 1 Output device codes finstruction 96 4 1 Output Flag Description 3 3 Example of setting OV l0 OV l4 Interval OV 6 3 3 lntervals less than one minute 8 5 Output Processi ng Instructions Definition OV S Memory and execution times 3 8 Overranging analog inputs 3 2 Overrunning execut...

Page 188: ...e OV 13 Reference junction Compensation 13 10 Relays Using digital ports for switching 14 5 Relative Humidity Probe 207 RH Probe flnstruction 121 7 3 9 6 Remote Keyboard State 5 3 Repetitions parameter 3 1 Resetting 21X 1 5 Resistance measurements requiring AC excitation 13 19 Resolution Final Storage 2 2 Retrievaf options Data storage OV 17 RH 207 flnstruction 121 7 3 9 6 Ring memory FinalStorage...

Page 189: ...struction 80 11 5 Strip charts 8 5 Subroutines Entering 3 Mode 1 1 Label Subroutine flnstruction 851 12 1 Subtract X Y finstruction 35 10 1 SW8A SDM SW8A 9 13 Switch closure Measuring 9 2 switch closure Input Module sDM sw8A 9 13 Switching power 14 5 System memory OV 3 System status B Mode 1 5 Tables program 1 1 Tape Pointer TPTR 2 1 Tape recorder 4 4 Connecting to 21X 4 5 Manually initiated data ...

Page 190: ...ruction 34 10 l X Y ftnstruction 33 10 1 X Y flnstruotion 351 10 1 X 1 X fln truction 59 10 6 X Y finstruotion 38 10 2 X Mod F fln truction 46 10 3 XY ilnstruction 471 10 3 Year Day or time 5 Mode Setting displaying 1 2 Z 1 X fln truction 421 1O 2 Z ABS X flnstruction 431 10 3 Z EXP X flnstruction 411 1O 2 Z F finstruction 30 lGl Z FRAC X flnstruction 441 10 3 Z INT X ilnstruction 451 10 3 Z LN X ...

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