Liebert Vertiv GXT5, Installer/User Manual

Page 1: ...VertivTM Liebert GXT5 UPS 230 V Input 230 V Output Installer User Guide ...

Page 2: ...lity for damages resulting from use of this information or for any errors or omissions Refer to other local practices or building codes as applicable for the correct methods tools and materials to be used in performing procedures not specifically described in this document The products covered by this instruction manual are manufactured and or sold by Vertiv This document is the property of Vertiv...

Page 3: ... 1 6 Battery Cabinet 14 1 7 Major Internal Components and Operating Principle 14 1 7 1 Maintenance Bypass 18 1 8 UPS States and Operating Modes 19 1 8 1 Normal Mode 19 1 8 2 Bypass Mode 20 1 8 3 Battery Mode 21 1 8 4 ECO Mode 22 1 8 5 Maintenance Bypass Mode 22 Chapter 2 Installation 23 2 1 Unpacking and Inspection 23 2 2 Pre installation Preparation 24 2 2 1 Installation Clearances 24 2 3 Install...

Page 4: ...7 2 7 1 Connecting IntelliSlot Communication 37 2 7 2 Connecting to the Dry contact Port 37 2 7 3 Connecting a Remote Emergency Power off REPO Switch 40 2 7 4 Connecting a USB Cablex 41 2 7 5 Connecting CLI Communication Cables 41 2 7 6 Connecting Liebert IRM sensors 42 2 8 Installing a Parallel System 42 2 8 1 First time Start up of a Parallel System 44 2 8 2 Commissioning Parallel System 45 2 8 ...

Page 5: ... 4 2 3 Status Screen 57 4 2 4 Settings Submenu 60 4 2 5 Control Screen 69 4 2 6 Log Screen 71 4 2 7 About Screen 74 4 3 Editing Display and Operation Settings 77 4 3 1 Settings Prompts 77 4 3 2 Changing the Password 78 4 3 3 Selecting the Display Language 79 4 3 4 Setting the Date and Time 79 Chapter 5 Maintenance 81 5 1 Replacing Batteries 81 5 2 Charging Batteries 85 5 3 Checking UPS Operation 8...

Page 6: ...ting Firmware with a CLI Connection 96 Chapter 6 Troubleshooting 101 6 1 Symptoms that Require Troubleshooting 101 6 2 Audible Alarm Buzzer 101 6 2 1 Faults 102 6 3 Troubleshooting UPS Issues 102 Chapter 7 Specifications 105 7 1 Battery Run Times 118 Appendix I Open Source Software Legal Notices 125 Appendix II Technical Support 127 ...

Page 7: ...rtant safety instructions that must be followed during the installation and maintenance of the UPS and batteries Read this manual thoroughly and the safety and regulatory information available at https www vertiv com ComplianceRegulatoryInfo before attempting to install connect to supply or operate this UPS ...

Page 8: ...Important Safety Information 2 This page is intentionally left blank ...

Page 9: ...ilable models and power ratings Enhanced load capacity with an output power factor of 1 Optional tower or rack installation to meet varying installation requirements Parallel connection capability for 10 kVA 16 kVA and 20 kVA models achieves up to 2 1 parallel redundant power Adapts to areas with unstable power mains supply via high frequency double conversion topology structure with high input po...

Page 10: ...5 10KHVRT5UXLN GXT5 16KIRT9UXLN 16 kVA 16 kW GXT5 16KIRT9UXLE GXT5 20KIRT9UXLN 20 kVA 20 kW GXT5 20KIRT9UXLE Only these models are available in the ASIA PACIFIC region 1 2 Front Panels The various GXT5 models have the same general appearance with the main difference being the receptacle types on the rear panel Figure 1 1 below shows the 5 kVA to 10 kVA model in a tower and a rack configuration Whe...

Page 11: ...liSlot port 2 Ventilation Hole 3 External battery cabinet connector 4 Input circuit breaker reset button 10 A 5 Non programmable C13 output receptacles 6 Programmable C13 output receptacles 7 C14 input power plug and cable 8 Terminal block communication connectors 9 RS 232 port RJ 45 RJ 11 connection used for command line interface 10 RS 485 port RJ 45 connection used for external temperature sens...

Page 12: ...nnector 4 Input circuit breaker reset button 10 A 5 Non programmable C13 output receptacles 6 Programmable C13 output receptacles 7 C14 input power plug and cable 8 Terminal block communication connectors 9 RS 232 port RJ 45 RJ 11 connection used for command line interface 10 RS 485 port RJ 45 connection used for external temperature sensors 11 USB port ...

Page 13: ...y cabinet connector 4 Non programmable C13 output receptacles 5 Programmable C13 output receptacles 6 C20 input power plug and cable 7 Input circuit breaker reset button 16 A 8 Terminal block communication connectors 9 RS 232 port RJ 45 RJ 11 connection used for command line interface 10 RS 485 port RJ 45 connection used for external temperature sensors 11 USB port ...

Page 14: ...5 Output circuit breaker reset buttons 10 A 6 Non programmable C13 output receptacles 7 Programmable C13 output receptacles 8 C20 Input power plug and cable 9 Input circuit breaker reset button 20 A 10 Terminal block Dry contact communication connectors 11 RS 232 port RJ 45 RJ 11 connection used for command line interface 12 RS 485 port RJ 45 connection used for external temperature sensors 13 USB...

Page 15: ...RJ 45 RJ 11 connection used for command line interface 6 REPO connector 7 External battery cabinet connector 8 C19 output receptacles x2 9 Programmable C13 output receptacles x2 10 C19 output overload protector x2 11 Programmable output circuit breaker 10 A x2 12 Output circuit breaker Controls terminal block output and non programmable output receptacles 13 Maintenance bypass breaker 14 Removable...

Page 16: ...or communication when operating in a parallel system See Section 2 8 Installing a Parallel System 8 External battery cabinet connector 9 C19 output receptacles x3 10 Overload protector 15 A x3 11 Programmable C19 output receptacle 12 Programmable C13 output receptacles 13 Programmable output breakers 14 Output circuit breaker Controls terminal block output and non programmable output receptacles 1...

Page 17: ...sensors 4 USB port 5 RS 232 port RJ 45 RJ 11 connection used for command line interface 6 REPO connector 7 DB9 ports Used for communication when operating in a parallel system See Section 2 8 Installing a Parallel System 8 Input circuit breaker 9 Bypass circuit breaker 10 Knock outs cable entry for hard wire I O 11 Output circuit breaker 12 POD breaker 13 Cover for optional POD installation locati...

Page 18: ...OD installed This POD includes the input circuit breaker for the UPS and the features for each POD are detailed in the following figures Figure 1 9 PD5 CE6HDWRMBS for GXT5 5000 6000IRT5UXLN XLE ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 POD Panel view on rear of unit 2 POD inner surface view 3 Quick connect The 16 kVA and 20 kVA models do not ship with an installed power distribution box POD The optional PODs for the 16 ...

Page 19: ...ck connect 1 5 Internal Battery Packs An example of the GXT5 internal battery packs is shown in Figure 1 11 below They are located behind the access door on the front of the UPS 3 kVA and below units have 1 battery pack 5 kVA and 10 kVA units have 2 battery packs and 16 kVA to 20 kVA units have 4 battery packs Figure 1 11 Internal Battery Pack ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 Handle 2 Connector ...

Page 20: ...t specifications For approximate battery run times with additional EBCs see Battery Run Times on page 118 See Installing External Battery Cabinets on page 26 to connect the cabinets Figure 1 12 Battery Cabinet ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 Battery connectors 2 Isolation breaker 1 7 Major Internal Components and Operating Principle Figure 1 13 below shows the UPS operating principle Table 1 2 below describes ...

Page 21: ...Vertiv Liebert GXT5 Installer User Guide 15 5 kVA and 6 kVA models 8 kVA and 10 kVA models 16 kVA and 20 kVA models ...

Page 22: ...C to 25 C 4 DC to DC Converter Raises the DC voltage from the battery to the optimum operating voltage for the inverter This allows the inverter to operate continuously at its optimum efficiency and voltage thus increasing reliability Convert the bus voltage to the battery port to charge the battery 5 Inverter In normal operation inverts the DC output of the PFC circuit into precise regulated sine...

Page 23: ...on converts utility AC power to regulated DC power for use by the inverter while ensuring that the wave shape of the input current used by the UPS is near ideal Extracting this sine wave input current ensures efficient use of utility power and reduces reflected harmonic distortion making cleaner power available to devices that are not protected by the UPS 6 Inverter In normal operation inverts the...

Page 24: ...hat the wave shape of the input current used by the UPS is near ideal Extracting this sine wave input current ensures efficient use of utility power and reduces reflected harmonic distortion making cleaner power available to devices that are not protected by the UPS 6 Inverter In normal operation inverts the DC output of the PFC circuit into precise regulated sine wave AC power When utility power ...

Page 25: ...e rectifier and inverter to provide voltage and frequency stabilized power to the load The charger charges the battery in normal mode On the front panel display the run indicator green is ON the alarm indicator is OFF and the buzzer is silent Figure 1 14 shows the diagram of normal mode Figure 1 14 Normal mode Operation ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 Mains Utility input by pass input 2 Rectifier PFC 3 Inverte...

Page 26: ...e buzzer beeps once each seconds The LCD Flow screen displays On Bypass Figure 1 15 shows the diagram of bypass mode If utility power fails or if the utility voltage goes outside of the permissible range during bypass mode operation the UPS shuts down and no output is supplied to the load Figure 1 15 Bypass mode Operation ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 Mains Utility input by pass input 2 Rectifier PFC 3 Inver...

Page 27: ...am of battery mode The batteries are fully charged before shipment However transportation and storage inevitably cause some loss of capacity To ensure adequate back up time it is recommended to charge the batteries for atleast 8 hours before first start up If utility power fails and the batteries are charged you may cold start the UPS in battery mode and use battery power to extend system availabi...

Page 28: ...down 1 8 5 Maintenance Bypass Mode Integrated maintenance bypass is available on 5 kVA or larger UPS models For smaller models an optional MicroPOD may be purchased to provide this functionality if needed 5 kVA to 10 kVA models include a circuit breaker to switch the load to bypass On 16 kVA to 20 kVA models a dry contact may be used to trigger maintenance bypass Used when the UPS requires mainten...

Page 29: ...ler User Guide 23 Figure 1 17 Maintenance Bypass mode Operation ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 Mains Utility input bypass input 2 Rectifier PFC 3 Inverter 4 Battery charger 5 Battery 6 Bypass static switch 7 UPS output 8 Maintenance bypass ...

Page 30: ...GXT5 Description 24 This page is intentionally left blank ...

Page 31: ...ed against the packing list If there is any discrepancy contact your local Vertiv representative immediately Liebert GXT5 UPS AP Packing list includes the following items 750 VA to 3000 VA Terminal block communications terminal For 750 VA 1500 VATION USB Cable one 2 m 6 56 ft long 10A IEC C13 C14 Output cable two 2 m 6 1 2 ft long BS 1363 UK to IEC C13 Input cord one 2 5 m 8 20 ft long German plug...

Page 32: ...fting or moving the unit 2 2 Pre installation Preparation Install the UPS indoors in a controlled environment where it cannot be accidentally turned Off The installation environment should meet the specifications listed in Specifications on page 105 Place the UPS in an area of unrestricted air flow around the unit away from water flammable liquids gases corrosives and conductive contaminants Avoid...

Page 33: ...ections comply with all relevant safety codes and standards 2 3 1 Tower Installation 1 Take the support bases out of the accessories box Figure 2 1 Support bases ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 Support bases 2 Spacers with connectors 2 If optional Liebert external battery cabinets will be connected take out the spacers shipped with the battery cabinet 3 Connect the spacers and the support bases as shown in Fig...

Page 34: ...al battery cabinets EBC may be connected in parallel to the UPS to provide additional battery run time For approximate battery run times with additional EBCs see Battery Run Times on page 118 External battery cabinets are placed on one side of the UPS in a tower configuration or stacked beneath the UPS in a rack configuration Up to 10 EBCs may be connected to the UPS and up to 6 may be detected us...

Page 35: ...securing hardware are sold separately Please contact your Vertiv representative for different options and Vertiv Technical Support for assistance 4 Verify that the EBC breaker is in the Off position 5 Connect the supplied EBC cable s to the rear of the cabinet then to the rear of the UPS see Figure 2 2 6 Turn the EBC breaker to the On position 7 Verify the circuit breaker on the EBC is in the On p...

Page 36: ...igure 2 2 EBCs connected to the 5 6 K UPS ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 EBC detection dry contact port See Table 2 3 on page 33 for details 2 EBC connector 3 EBC detection port 4 External battery cabinet 5 External battery cabinet ...

Page 37: ...k of electric shock Can cause equipment damage injury and death Before beginning installation verify that all external overcurrent protection devices are open Off and that they are locked out and tagged appropriately to prevent activation during the installation verify with a voltmeter that power is Off and wear appropriate OSHA approved personal protective equipment PPE per NFPA 70E Failure to co...

Page 38: ... page 12 for the POD options compatible with your GXT5 model Do not operate the UPS with the POD removed To shut off all power to the POD and to the load utility input power must be disconnected To attach the POD on 16 kVA to 20 kVA units 1 On the rear of the unit unscrew the two fixing screws from the POD location cover see Figure 2 4 and remove the cover 2 Insert the POD receptacles into the por...

Page 39: ... upstream branch circuit breaker see Table 2 2 on the next page for the ratings The input circuit breaker on the distribution box and the output circuit breaker on the rear of the power distribution box disconnect all power between the main cabinet and the distribution box Figure 2 5 shows a diagram of the circuit breakers Observe the following guidelines and specifications when making the hard wi...

Page 40: ...20 A 5 KVA 40 A 6 KVA 50 A 8 KVA 63 A 10 KVA 16 KVA 1 phase 140 A 3 phase 50 A 20 KVA 1 phase 160 A 3 phase 63 A Figure 2 5 Circuit breakers diagram ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 Mains Utility 2 External branch Circuit Breaker 3 Input 4 Maintenance Bypass Circuit Breaker 5 Output 6 Input Circuit Breaker 7 Output Circuit Breaker 8 UPS PFC battery inverter ...

Page 41: ... TORQUE GXT5 5000IRT5UXLN 40 A 8 AWG 6 AWG 20 in lb 2 26 Nm GXT5 5000IRT5UXLE GXT5 6000IRT5UXLN 50 A GXT5 6000IRT5UXLE GXT5 8000IRT5UXLN 63 A 6 AWG GXT5 8000IRT5UXLE GXT5 10KIRT5UXLN GXT5 10KIRT5UXLE GXT5 16KIRT9UXLN 1 phase 140 A 3 phase 50 A 35 mm2 1 AWG 53 5 mm2 1 0 AWG 110 in lb 12 4 Nm GXT5 16KIRT9UXLE GXT5 20KIRT9UXLN 1 phase 160 A 3 phase 63 A GXT5 20KIRT9UXLE To make the terminal block con...

Page 42: ...block Refer to the details in Terminal block Connections on page 33 when making the connections Figure 2 6 Terminal Block 5 kVA and 6 kVA Models ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 Output 2 Input 2 6 4 Connecting to Terminal Blocks on 8 kVA and 10 kVA models These models offer a single type of I O connection A single shorting cable ships installed on the on the terminal block Refer to the details in Terminal block...

Page 43: ...minal block Connections on page 30 when making the connections Figure 2 8 below shows the 3 in 1 out split bypass connection Figure 2 9 below shows the 3 in 1 out common source connection Figure 2 10 on the next page shows the 1 in 1 out split bypass connection Figure 2 11 on the next page shows the 1 in 1 out common source connection Figure 2 8 3 in 1 out split bypass connection ITEM DESCRIPTION ...

Page 44: ... and 20 kVA models ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 Output 2 Bypass 3 Input 4 Shorting cable W02 included with accessories Figure 2 11 1 in 1 out Common source Connection 16 kVA and 20 kVA models ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 Output 2 Bypass 3 Input 4 Shorting cable W03 included with accessories ...

Page 45: ...e card port To install an IntelliSlot Card 1 Remove the screws from the slot cover plate and remove the plate 2 Insert the card into the slot and secure with the screws that held the cover plate To make connections to the card refer to the Installer User Guide for the appropriate IntelliSlot card available at www vertiv com 2 7 2 Connecting to the Dry contact Port To install an IntelliSlot Card Th...

Page 46: ...RT NO PORT NAME PIN NO PIN NAME DESCRIPTION 1 Input 1 1 Remote Comms 1 User configurable dry contact input that can be set to trigger the events below The user can also select the dry contact as either NO or NC See System Parameter Options on page 65 When NO Pins 1 and 2 are shorted to trigger the event When NC Pins 1 and 2 are opened to trigger the event Options are Disable default Battery mode s...

Page 47: ...ally detects number of external battery cabinets when pins 5 and 6 are connected to the detection port see Installing External Battery Cabinets on page 26 REPO REPO Input 7 5V REPO power supply 5 Vdc 100 mA 8 REPO Coil NC NC activated when Pin 7 and Pin 8 is open NOTE For details on REPO connection and operation see Connecting a Remote Emergency Power off REPO Switch on page 40 5 Output 5 9 10 Rem...

Page 48: ...y condition is resolved the UPS will not return to normal operation until you reset the REPO switch and manually power on the UPS To make the cable for the REPO connection Figure 2 13 on the next page shows the cable required to make the connection We recommend using 18 AWG to 22 AWG 0 82 mm2 to 0 33 mm2 copper core cable 1 Remove the insulation from the end of two cables 2 Insert the stripped end...

Page 49: ...r computer system The USB port supports HID CDC protocol The CDC protocol is reserved for service software To use the HID protocol for monitoring get Power Assist from www vertiv com 2 7 5 Connecting CLI Communication Cables The UPS supports the Vertiv command line interface for operation with Vertiv ACS and other third party monitoring protocols The RJ 45 port labeled R232 is used for CLI connect...

Page 50: ...additional reliability System load information can be accessed via any controller display in the system The following are requirements for the parallel connected system Each UPS must have the same capacity and must be connected to the same mains utility source If a residual current detector RCD is required it must be correctly set and installed before the same neutral line input terminal See safet...

Page 51: ... fault occurs during parallel system operation shut off the system and make sure the cables are connected correctly see Figure 2 14 CAUTION Risk of improper disconnection Can cause equipment damage Do not disconnect parallel system cables while the system is operating Figure 2 14 Connection of 2 1 Parallel System ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 Upper connector 2 Lower connector ...

Page 52: ...Wait about 30 seconds to allow the rectifier start up to finish then at each UPS set the parallel parameters as follows If the System parallel settings async Alarm displays clear it and proceed Communication should not fail after the parallel settings are synchronized On the display press Enter to display the Main Menu then use the arrow buttons to select Settings and press Enter To adjust the set...

Page 53: ...ify that it is normal 3 Repeat step 2 for each UPS in the parallel system 2 8 3 Adding a Single UPS to the Parallel System CAUTION When adding or replacing a UPS in the parallel system make sure that all parallel cabling is correct before powering on the additional replacement unit You may also use this procedure when replacing a faulty UPS in the system The difference is noted in the procedure st...

Page 54: ... the list Sync parallel parameters If your are replacing a unit do not update the system count just sync the parallel parameters 4 On the added UPS close the input and output breakers wait about 30 seconds to allow the rectifier start up to finish then power on the inverter 5 Make sure that there are no alarms and that the UPS and the parallel system are operating normally ...

Page 55: ...n the open off position and that the guard is secured in place 2 Ensure that the REPO connector on the rear of the unit has a jumper between pins 7 8 or that it is properly wired to an Emergency Power Off circuit normally closed 3 Make sure the breaker supplying power to the UPS is closed and close the input breaker on the rear of the UPS if included on your UPS model or if necessary press the inp...

Page 56: ...Operating the UPS 48 Start up Guidance 1 4 Start up Guidance 2 4 Start up Guidance 3 4 ...

Page 57: ...Vertiv Liebert GXT5 Installer User Guide 49 Start up Guidance 4 4 For detailed description of UPS display functions and settings see Operation and Display Panel on page 53 ...

Page 58: ...urn ON to bypass displays a Use the arrow buttons to select Turn ON to bypass and press Enter b Use the arrow buttons to select Yes then press Enter to confirm If the bypass power is outside normal operating range the option turn off the UPS displays Use the arrow buttons to select No or Yes then press Enter to confirm 3 5 Transferring from Bypass to Normal Mode Press and hold the power button for...

Page 59: ...the UPS from AC power by disconnecting the external input MCB If the main and bypass are independently powered close the two input MCBs 3 7 Remote Emergency Power off REPO REPO turns off the UPS in emergency conditions such as fire or flood When an emergency occurs the REPO switch turns off the rectifier and inverter and stops powering the load immediately The battery stops charging and dischargin...

Page 60: ... 52 This page is intentionally left blank ...

Page 61: ...ction keys and an LCD interface to configure and control UPS operation Figure 4 1 Touchscreen Control Panel components ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 Run indicator LED see LED Indicators on page 54 2 Alarm indicator LED see LED Indicators on page 54 3 Power button see Table 4 1 on the next page 4 Menu keys see Table 4 1 on the next page 5 LCD panel ...

Page 62: ...ng the LCD will dim and display a screen saver if there is no active alarm or user interaction for two minutes see Figure 4 2 After 4 minutes of inactivity the display will blank to conserve power If an alarm or fault occurs or if any button is pressed the UPS flow screen displays Figure 4 2 LCD Screen Saver 4 1 LED Indicators The LEDs on the front panel display indicate operation and alarm status...

Page 63: ...ers customize settings control operation and view alarm event history Use the function keys to navigate through the menu and view statuses or select settings in the screens 4 2 1 Start up and Flow Screens At start up the UPS executes a system test and displays the Vertiv logo screen for about 30 seconds shown in Figure 4 1 on page 53 After the test completes an overview screen shows status informa...

Page 64: ...tatus Voltage current frequency and parameters for UPS components see Status Screen on the facing page Settings Display and system parameter settings see Settings Submenu on page 60 Control UPS controls see Control Screen on page 69 Log Current alarms and event history see Log Screen on page 71 About Product and network information see About Screen on page 74 Maintenance Service only service passw...

Page 65: ... the arrow buttons to move the cursor left right and select a tab then press Enter to display the status information for the selected tab Figure 4 5 Status screen tabs ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 Screen tabs with Input tab selected Multiple phases are shown in multiple columns For example a unit with 3 phase input will display 3 columns of status data Input Status Options L N voltage V Line neutral voltage...

Page 66: ...ent of battery power Backup time Min Amount of back up time remaining for battery Remaining capacity Percent of capacity remaining for battery Discharge count Number of discharges for the battery module Total discharge time Min Number of minutes until battery is fully discharged The number times that the input voltage was lost or dropped below 60 VAC black out Resets to when UPS is powered down Th...

Page 67: ...the battery Battery highest temp C Highest temperature battery has reached Battery lowest temp C Lowest temperature battery has reached Output Status Options L N voltage V Line neutral voltage of output power L N current A Line neutral current of output power Frequency Hz Frequency of output power Energy kWh Output power Load Status Options Sout kVA Apparent output power Pout kW Active output powe...

Page 68: ... factory defaults when powering off the UPS To modify UPS settings 1 At the main menu select the Settings icon and press Enter 2 Use the arrow buttons to move the cursor left right and select a tab then press Enter to display the parameter list for the selected tab Output Parameter Options Voltage selection Nominal voltage setting Set the nominal system voltage to match the input voltage of the UP...

Page 69: ... limit Sets the percentage that the input voltage may be above the selected output voltage setting and remain in Bypass mode 10 default 15 20 Bypass voltage lower limit Sets the percentage that the input voltage may be below the selected output voltage setting and remain in Bypass mode 10 15 default 20 Run mode Selects Normal or ECO operation for the UPS Options are Normal Connected load is always...

Page 70: ...usted when using third party external batteries with External battery cabinets set to 0 It is calculated automatically when using Vertiv EBCs using the setting of External battery cabinets 0 300 Ah default of 0 External battery cabinets Sets the number of attached external battery cabinets or allows the number of EBCs to be detected automatically with Autodetect Autodetect is used only for Vertiv ...

Page 71: ...ll have no effect 1 4320 minutes default of 4320 Equal charge enable Sets the charge mode of the battery Equal charge mode is a quick charge mode that can reduce the amount of time needed to charge the battery Float charge mode can have a longer battery life Enable Equal charge mode Disable Float charge mode default Max chg curr Sets the maximum charge current for the battery A higher charge curre...

Page 72: ... options to confirm replacement of batteries Monitor Settings Option Language Selects the language of the display see Selecting the Display Language on page 79 Options are English default French Portuguese Spanish Chinese German Japanese Russian Date Selects the current date for the UPS display YYYY MM DD See Setting the Date and Time on page 79 Time Select the current time for the UPS display HH ...

Page 73: ...the UPS after the Low Battery alarm threshold is reached even if input power is restored during this time This can be used to ensure connected equipment shuts down completely after receiving a signal to shutdown from an external monitoring device before power is re applied This ensures that once the equipment begins to shut down it is brought down completely before power is applied again Enable de...

Page 74: ...Selects the states of the dry contact inputs 1 and 2 Normally open default Normally closed Dry contact 5 Output Selects the output of dry contact 5 Low battery The contacts switch when the UPS reaches the amount of time left on battery configurable from Low battery time default On bypass The contacts switch when the UPS is running in bypass mode On battery The contacts switch when the UPS is runni...

Page 75: ...s running on batteries and this input is triggered the UPS shuts down Any mode shutdown If this input is triggered the UPS shuts down regardless of current operating mode Maintenance mode For 16 20kVA model If this input is triggered it means the UPS is in Maintenance mode Sleep mode Allows the UPS to turn off the output on a weekly schedule For instance turn on every Monday at 01 00 and off every...

Page 76: ... outlet Turn on delay Sets whether or not to turn off the outlet if the UPS is overloaded while on battery power This can be used to disable lower priority equipment in the event of an overload while in battery mode 0 to 30 minutes default is 0 Turn off when UPS overload on battery Sets whether or not to turn off the outlet if the UPS is overloaded while on battery power This can be used to disabl...

Page 77: ... 0 Outlet settings based on capacity Threshold of turning off the outlet When the selected percentage of capacity remains in battery mode the outlet turns off Select the checkbox to enable or disable default the option 20 to 80 default is 20 Turn on when power returns Length of time after the mains input power returns before turning on the outlet Select the checkbox to enable or disable default th...

Page 78: ...the Audible Alarm on page 47 Start Stop battery manual test Starts the battery self test manually If the manual self test is already running stop the self test Clear faults Clears displayed faults after the issue causing the fault is resolved see Table 6 2 on page 102 for a description of the faults Reset power statistics Input blackout count Input brownout count Battery total discharge time and o...

Page 79: ...tore the mains power The UPS will power off if it is not restored Battery low pre warning This alarm occurs when the battery approaches the EOD After the pre warning the battery capacity allows two minutes discharge at full load The user can set the time with the Low Battery Time setting in Battery settings from 2 min 30 min 2 min by default This allows for any loads to be shut down before the sys...

Page 80: ...s over current The load is drawing more current than the UPS is rated to supply in bypass mode Reduce the load Charger fault The charger output voltage is abnormal and the charger is off Contact Vertiv Technical Support Communication fail Internal communication is abnormal Check that the communication cables are connected correctly DC bus abnormal The inverter is off due to DC bus voltage out of a...

Page 81: ... in the log whenever the event occurs Manual shutdown The system was shut down via the display panel This will display in the log whenever the event occurs No battery No battery detected Check the battery and battery cable connection s On maintenance bypass The UPS is operating in maintenance bypass mode This will display in the log whenever the event occurs Operating on inverter The UPS output is...

Page 82: ...ault is solved If over temperature please check Ambient temperature too high or not Dust is blocked or not Fan fault or not Turn on fail The UPS does not start because there is no mains utility power or it is outside of the range of the voltage required to supply the full load Check the AC input power UPS has no output Both Inverter and Bypass are not supplying power due to the UPS output being tu...

Page 83: ...ESCRIPTION 1 About screen tabs with Efficiency tab selected Note The tab shown in the figure is an example of the graph and does not represent the actual capacity values for your UPS model Product Information Product Type UPS model number Serial number UPS serial number Time since startup Elapsed time since start up of the UPS Boot FW version Version of MCU boot firmware on the monitor board Monit...

Page 84: ...Gateway address Shows the gateway address of the RDU101 card This is only shown when the RDU101 card has been connected Efficiency Tab Capacity This shows the maximum active capacity of your UPS model Load This shows the percentage of the maximum capacity your UPS is currently using Eff This shows the efficiency the UPS is currently operating at based on the Load value Battery Age This page also d...

Page 85: ...password and store it in an accessible location for later retrieval See Changing the Password on the next page To enter the password 1 Press the up arrow button to change the digit shown then press the down arrow button to move to the next digit 2 Repeat to select each digit and press Enter to submit the password Figure 4 9 Password Prompt 4 3 1 Settings Prompts While using the operation and displ...

Page 86: ... when execute the command of Turn on Turn off to Bypass on the LCD panel Control page 4 3 2 Changing the Password The default password is 111111 six ones You must use the current password to change the password We recommend that you change the password from the default to protect your system and equip ment Record the new password and store it in an accessible location for later retrieval 1 At the ...

Page 87: ... highlight Language then press Enter 5 Use the up down arrows to select the language then press Enter All the LCD elements will now display in the selected language 4 3 4 Setting the Date and Time To adjust the date and time 1 At the main menu select the Settings icon and press Enter 2 At the password prompt use the up arrow to select the first digit press the down arrow to move to the next digit ...

Page 88: ...Operation and Display Panel 80 This page is intentionally left blank ...

Page 89: ...ows signs of leakage contact your Vertiv representative immediately Handle transport and recycle batteries in accordance with local regulations Determine if the battery is inadvertently grounded If so then removethe source of the ground Contact with any part of a grounded battery can result in electrical shock The likelihood of such shock will be reduced if grounds are removed during installation ...

Page 90: ...cause equipment damage injury and death A battery can explode if the battery is replaced by an incorrect type Dispose of used batteries according to the instructions included with the battery pack Read all safety cautions before proceeding A trained user can replace the internal battery pack when the UPS is in a restricted access location such as a rack or server closet To obtain the appropriate r...

Page 91: ...to 3 kVA models Press the button on the left front of the UPS front panel and pull the panel open then loosen and remove the screw from the battery door see Figure 5 1 on the next page 2 Lay the battery door and screw aside for reassembly 3 Grasp the battery handle and pull out the battery pack see Figure 5 1 on the next page 4 Unpack the replacement battery pack taking care not to damage the pack...

Page 92: ...king care not to damage the packaging to re use when disposing of the old battery 5 Compare the new and old battery pack to make sure they are the same type and model If so proceed with step 6 If they are different stop and contact your Vertiv representative or Technical Support http www Vertiv com en us support 6 Line up and slowly push in each replacement battery pack until 2 3 of the length is ...

Page 93: ...attery packs are activated Use ESC to return to the main display Figure 5 2 Replacing the Battery Pack ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 Front cover 2 Battery door 3 Battery handle 4 Grasp handle and pull battery out 5 2 Charging Batteries The batteries are valve regulated non spillable lead acid batteries and should be kept charged to attain their design life The UPS charges the batteries continuously when it i...

Page 94: ...perating in Bypass mode contact Vertiv Technical Support 5 Check the flow screen to see if batteries are discharging operating in Battery mode while utility power is normal If so contact Vertiv Technical Support 5 4 Cleaning the UPS WARNING Risk of electric shock Can cause injury or death Disconnect all local and remote electric power supplies before working with the UPS Ensure that the unit is sh...

Page 95: ... while the UPS is on bypass 3 Turn maintenance bypass breaker on 4 Turn the internal bypass off as follows a From the main menu select CONTROL then press Enter b Select Turn on off to bypass and press Enter c Select Turn off UPS and press Enter 5 Turn off breakers as follows a For 5 kVA and 6 kVA models Turn off input breaker 40A output breaker WARNING Do not turn off 10A output breakers b For 8 k...

Page 96: ...ypass mode If the newly installed UPS does not have internal battery then manually turn on the Start with no battery function and turn on the output as follows a From the main menu select Settings then press Enter b Select System and press Enter c Select Start with no battery and press Enter d Select Enable and press Enter e From the main menu select CONTROL then press Enter f Select Turn on off t...

Page 97: ...nts DSP is the firmware for the power module MCU is the firmware for the display panel Both may be updated through a connection the UPS using CLI method via connecting the RS232 port on the rear of the UPS if the UPS includes the IntelliSlot RDU101 card using the RJ 45 port on the card The latest firmware is available for download from the GXT5 product page at www Vertiv com Refer to Table 5 2 bel...

Page 98: ...RT5UXLE GXT5 8000IRT5UXLN GXT5 8000IRT5UXLE GXT5 10KIRT5UXLN GXT5 10KIRT5UXLE GXT5 16KIRT9UXLN GXT5_Small_16k 20k_230_P bin GXT5 16KIRT9UXLE GXT5 20KIRT9UXLN GXT5 20KIRT9UXLE For DSP update files P represents the power module The number following P is the version of the power module D represents the rectifier and inverter module The number following D is the version of the rectifier and inverter m...

Page 99: ...e Liebert IntelliSlot RDU101 Communica tions Card Installer User Guide available at www Vertiv com Updating MCU Firmware via RDU101 Do not update firmware while the UPS is on Battery mode 1 Connect a network cable to the RJ 45 Ethernet port of the RDU101 card For the card connection location refer to the appropriate rear panel description for your UPS model in Rear Panels on page 5 2 On a computer...

Page 100: ...ase sensitive Password Liebert case sensitive The name and password may have been changed from the default Be sure to obtain the username and password from an administrator The status of the transfer displays in the File Transfer Status section After about 2 minutes the UPS restarts and the web page refreshes The transfer process takes about 2 minutes Do not leave or close the page until the statu...

Page 101: ... 4 File Transfer on the RDU101 User Interface ITEM DESCRIPTION 1 UPS tab typically the UPS model number 2 File Transfer folder 3 Choose File button 4 Transfer File button 5 Status of file transfer Figure 5 5 Firmware Version on the RDU101 User Interface ...

Page 102: ...o the appropriate rear panel description for your UPS model in Rear Panels on page 5 3 On a computer connected to the same network as the RDU101 open a browser window and enter the IP address of the RDU101 card in the address bar You can get the card s IP address from the display panel Select the About menu then the Product tab and locate IPv4 address We recommend using the Google Chrome browser 4...

Page 103: ...ain the user name and password from an administrator The status of the transfer displays in the File Transfer Status section The transfer process takes about 2 minutes Do not leave or close the page until the status is Update Complete d You can check the firmware version select the System folder in the tab menu pane on the left hand side of the page and check the Firmware Version field see Figure ...

Page 104: ...example ExtraPuTTY Cable with RJ 45 connector on one end and DB9 connector on the other or an RJ45 FTDI USB serial port adapter Updating MCU Firmware via CLI Do not update firmware while the UPS is on Battery mode 1 Connect the RJ 45 connector to the RS232 port on UPS For the connection location refer to the appropriate rear panel description for your UPS model in Rear Panels on page 5 2 Connect t...

Page 105: ...me user Default password 123456 5 On the command line enter update then press d on the keyboard see Figure 5 9 on the next page 6 In the menu bar select Files Transfer Ymodem select the MCU upgrade file then click Send The status of the transfer displays in a status dialog After about 3 minutes the UPS restarts and the CLI exits update mode The transfer process takes about 3 minutes Do not close t...

Page 106: ...age 5 3 Connect the DB9 connector to a computer with the serial terminal emulator installed 4 Open the serial terminal emulator and adjust the settings to communicate with the UPS Select Serial connection for the session Check the computer device management settings for the communication port for example COM6 and select the same port in the emulator Select 115200 for the connection speed Open the ...

Page 107: ... The status of the transfer displays in a status dialog The transfer process takes about 2 minutes Do not close the status dialog a You can check the firmware version by entering Version in the command line Figure 5 11 File Transfer with the CLI ...

Page 108: ...Maintenance 100 This page is intentionally left blank ...

Page 109: ...dible alarm accompanies various events during UPS operations Table 6 1 below describes the sounds and their meaning To silence an alarm see Silencing the Audible Alarm on page 47 Table 6 1 Audible alarm Descriptions SOUND INDICATES Continuous beep Generated when a UPS fault appears such as a fuse or hardware failure One beep every 0 5 seconds Generated when a UPS critical alarm appears such as on ...

Page 110: ...he DC bus is abnormal Contact technical support System overtemp Over temperature condition in the UPS The UPS will transfer to bypass mode Reduce the load and contact technical support Charger fault The charger is faulty Contact technical support Fan fault At least one fan is faulty Contact technical support DC DC fault A DC DC charger failure occurred Contact technical support 6 3 Troubleshooting...

Page 111: ...d If it is not fully remove and reinstall the battery and try to start the unit If the battery is connected leave the UPS connected to input power for 24 hours to recharge batteries then try to start the unit UPS has reduced battery backup time Batteries are not fully charged Keep UPS plugged in continuously at least 24 hours to recharge batteries UPS is overloaded Check load level indicator and r...

Page 112: ...Troubleshooting 104 This page is intentionally left blank ...

Page 113: ...70 Hz Auto Sensing Input Power Cord C14 Output AC Output Receptacles C13 8 Voltage 200 208 220 230 240 VAC user configurable 3 Waveform Sine wave Utility AC Model Overload 200 for 250 ms 150 to 200 for 2 seconds 125 to 150 for 50 seconds 105 to 125 60 seconds Internal Battery Charger Charger Current A default 2 2 A Maximum 8 A Battery Parameters Type Valve regulated non spillable lead acid Qty V R...

Page 114: ...2040 1 2008 First Edition Am 1 2013 EN 62040 1 2008 A1 2013 Transportation ISTA Procedure 1A Surge Immunity ANSI C62 41 Category B RFI EMI CISPR22 Class A RFI FCC Part 15 Class A Only these models are available in the ASIA PACIFIC region Table 7 2 UPS Specifications 1500 VA and 2000 VA Models MODEL GXT5 1500IRT2UXL 1500IRT2UXLE 2000IRT2UXL 2000IRT2UXLE RATING 1500 VA 1500 W 2000 VA 2000 W Dimensio...

Page 115: ...it selections 10 15 20 default 10 Lower limit selections 10 15 20 default 15 Disable bypass operation When the input frequency prevents synchronous operation Environmental Requirements Operating Temperature F C 32 to 122 0 to 50 Operating temperature may be increased to 122 F 50 C with a 10 derating of the output power Storage Temperature F C 4 to 140 20 to 60 contain batteries will be from 15 to ...

Page 116: ... C13 6 C19 Voltage 200 208 220 230 240 VAC user configurable 3 Waveform Sine wave Utility AC Model Overload 200 for 250 ms 150 to 200 for 2 seconds 105 to 125 for 55 seconds 125 to 150 for 55 seconds Internal Battery Charger Charger Current A default 2 2 A Maximum 8 A Battery Parameters Type Valve regulated non spillable lead acid Qty V Rating 6 12V 9 0 Ah Battery Mfr Part LEOCH DJW12 9 0 Back up ...

Page 117: ...s A RFI FCC Part 15 Class A Only these models are available in the ASIA PACIFIC region Table 7 4 UPS Specifications 5 kVA and 6 kVA models MODELGXT5 5000IRT5UXLN 5000IRT5UXLE 6000IRT5UXLN 6000IRT5UXLE RATING 5000VA 5000W 6000VA 6000W Dimensions D W H in mm Unit 430 630 217 16 9 24 8 8 5 Shipping 600 800 520 23 6 31 5 20 5 Weight kg lb Unit 70 8 156 70 8 156 Shipping 92 202 8 89 196 2 92 202 8 89 1...

Page 118: ...ut frequency prevents synchronous operation Internal Battery Charger Charger Current A default 2 25 A maximum 5 A Battery Parameters Type Valve regulated non spillable lead acid Qty V Rating 16 x 12V x 9 0AH Battery Mfr Part 9AH LEOCH DJW12 9 0 Back up time See Battery Run Times on page 120 See Battery Run Times on page 121 Environmental Requirements Operating Temperature F C 0 to 40 32 to 104 no ...

Page 119: ...ble in the ASIA PACIFIC region Table 7 5 UPS Specifications 8 kVA and 10 kVA models MODEL GXT5 8000IRT5UXLN 8000IRT5UXLE 10KIRT5UXLN 10KIRT5UXLE RATING 8000 VA 8000 W 10000 VA 10000 W Dimensions D W H in mm Unit 430 630 217 16 9 24 8 8 5 Shipping 600 800 520 23 6 31 5 20 5 Weight kg lb Unit 74 5 164 2 74 5 164 2 Shipping 95 209 4 93 205 95 209 4 93 205 Input AC Parameters Operating Frequency Nom 5...

Page 120: ...ons 10 15 20 default 10 Lower limit selections 10 15 20 default 15 Disable bypass operation When the input frequency prevents synchronous operation Internal Battery Charger Charger Current A default 2 25 A Maximum 8 A Battery Parameters Type Valve regulated non spillable lead acid Qty V Rating 16 x 12V x 9 0AH Battery Mfr Part 9AH LEOCH DJW12 9 0 Back up time See Battery Run Times on page 121 See ...

Page 121: ...ory B Transportation ISTA Procedure 1E Table 7 6 UPS Specifications 16 kVA and 20 kVA models MODEL GXT5 16KIRT9UXLN 16KIRT9UXLE 20KIRT9UXLN 20KIRT9UXLE RATING 16000 VA 16000 W 20000 VA 20000 W Dimensions D W H in mm Unit 430 630 394 16 9 24 8 15 5 Shipping 800 1200 710 31 5 47 2 27 9 Weight kg lb Unit 135 2 298 Shipping 190 418 9 186 7 411 6 190 418 9 186 7 411 6 Input AC Parameters Operating Freq...

Page 122: ...default 10 Lower limit selections 10 15 20 default 15 Disable bypass operation When the input frequency prevents synchronous operation Internal Battery Charger Charger Current A default 2 25 A maximum 13 A Battery Parameters Type Valve regulated non spillable lead acid Qty V Rating 32 x 12V x 9 0 AH Battery Mfr Part 9 AH LEOCH DJW12 9 0 Back up time See Battery Run Times on page 122 See Battery Ru...

Page 123: ...N EN61000 4 5 Level 4 Criteria A ANSI C62 41 Category B Transportation ISTA Procedure 1E Table 7 7 Power distribution Specifications MODEL NUMBER PD5 CE6HDWRMBS PD5 CE10HDWRMBS Amp Rating 50 A 63 A Input Power Connection Single phase L1 L2 G hard wired Output Power Connection Single phase L1 L2 G hard wired Includes Two IEC320 C19 16A 250V Sockets Six C13 10A 250V Sockets Four IEC320 C19 16A 250V ...

Page 124: ...Battery Type Valve regulated non spillable lead acid Qty x V x Rating 2 3 12V 9 0 Ah 2 4 12V 9 0 Ah 2 6 12V 9 0 Ah Battery Mfr Part LEOCH DJW12 9 0 Backup time See Battery Run Times on page 118 Environmental Requirements Operating Temperature F C 32 to 104 0 to 40 Storage Temperature F C 5 to 122 15 to 50 High ambient temperatures will reduce battery life Relative Humidity 0 to 95 non condensing O...

Page 125: ... kg lb Unit 57 6 127 112 246 9 Shipping 80 176 4 136 299 8 Battery Type Valve regulated non spillable lead acid Qty Voltage 16 x 12V 32 x 12V Battery Mfr Part 9AH LEOCH DJW12 9 0 Backup time See appropriate table for model size in Battery Run Times on page 118 Environmental Requirements Operating Temperature F C 0 to 40 32 to 104 Storage Temperature F C 15 to 40 5 to 104 Relative Humidity 0 95 non...

Page 126: ...1 358 3 419 6 481 8 544 9 607 0 80 600 600 14 1 59 7 112 1 161 6 208 6 260 6 313 2 366 4 420 4 475 8 531 1 90 675 675 12 1 53 0 99 5 143 9 188 3 232 1 278 8 326 1 374 6 423 3 473 1 100 750 750 10 5 46 3 88 3 130 2 170 8 208 8 251 5 294 1 337 6 381 7 426 5 Table 7 11 Battery Run Time 1000 VA Models LOAD INTERNAL BATTERY ONLY NUMBER OF EXTERNAL BATTERY CABINETS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VA W Minutes 10 1...

Page 127: ...7 61 7 93 2 124 1 154 3 184 8 213 4 245 0 277 0 309 4 100 1500 1500 5 6 28 2 54 3 83 4 111 2 138 5 165 8 192 5 218 4 246 7 275 3 Table 7 13 Battery Run Time 2000 VA Models LOAD INTERNAL BATTERY ONLY NUMBER OF EXTERNAL BATTERY CABINETS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VA W Minutes 10 200 200 78 5 258 8 455 3 650 5 861 7 1078 7 1289 4 1482 1 1636 0 1757 5 1855 8 20 400 400 36 2 134 8 231 0 334 0 442 2 550 0 653...

Page 128: ... 137 5 160 2 182 6 204 5 227 9 100 3000 3000 3 3 19 1 38 7 57 9 80 9 101 6 121 1 142 6 163 5 183 4 203 2 Table 7 15 Battery Run Time in Minutes Model 5 kVA Models LOAD INTERNAL BATTERY ONLY NUMBER OF EXTERNAL BATTERY CABINETS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VA W Minutes 10 500 500 120 0 272 5 427 5 582 5 737 5 892 5 1047 5 1202 5 1357 5 1512 5 1667 5 20 1000 1000 59 0 129 0 211 0 294 0 377 0 460 0 543 0 625 ...

Page 129: ... 5400 6 0 17 0 30 5 44 5 58 5 72 5 86 5 100 5 114 0 128 0 143 5 100 6000 6000 5 5 14 5 26 0 39 0 51 5 64 5 77 0 89 5 102 0 114 5 127 0 Table 7 17 Battery Run Time in Minutes Model 8 kVA Models LOAD INTERNAL BATTERY ONLY NUMBER OF EXTERNAL BATTERY CABINETS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VA W Minutes 10 800 800 75 0 166 0 267 5 369 0 471 0 572 5 674 5 776 0 878 0 979 5 1081 0 20 1600 1600 33 5 79 0 124 5 176 ...

Page 130: ...39 5 48 0 56 5 65 0 73 0 81 5 100 10000 10000 2 0 7 0 13 0 19 5 26 5 34 5 42 0 50 0 57 5 65 0 72 5 Table 7 19 Battery Run Time in Minutes Model 16 kVA Models LOAD INTERNAL BATTERY ONLY NUMBER OF EXTERNAL BATTERY CABINETS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VA W Minutes 10 1600 1600 79 0 176 0 283 0 390 0 496 5 603 5 710 5 817 5 924 0 1031 0 1138 0 20 3200 3200 35 0 82 0 128 5 183 0 238 0 293 0 348 0 403 5 458 5 ...

Page 131: ...00 6000 14 5 39 0 64 5 89 5 114 5 140 5 170 5 200 0 230 0 259 5 289 5 40 8000 8000 9 5 26 5 45 5 64 5 83 5 102 5 121 5 141 5 164 0 186 5 209 0 50 10000 10000 7 0 19 5 34 5 50 0 65 0 80 5 95 5 111 0 126 0 142 5 161 0 60 12000 12000 5 5 15 0 27 0 40 0 53 0 65 5 78 5 91 5 104 0 117 0 129 5 70 14000 14000 4 0 12 0 21 5 32 5 43 5 55 0 66 0 76 5 87 5 98 5 109 5 80 16000 16000 3 5 10 0 18 0 27 0 36 5 46 ...

Page 132: ...Specifications 124 This page is intentionally left blank ...

Page 133: ...RTOS software and or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation A copy of the GNU General Public License is located at www gnu org licenses old licenses gpl 2 0 html A copy of the exception is located at https spdx org licenses freertos exception 2 0 html For a period of three 3 years after purchasing the GXT5 product the purchaser has ...

Page 134: ... 126 This page is intentionally left blank ...

Page 135: ...ina Email vertiv service vertiv com Customer Service Hotline 4008876510 India Email vertiv customercare com Customer Service Hotline 1800 209 6070 Asia Australia au service vertiv com New Zealand au service vertiv com Philippines ph auservice vertiv com Singapore sg service vertiv com Malaysia my service vertiv com Version Information V1 0 July 19 2019 Initial Release V2 0 April 30 2020 Combined U...

Page 136: ...stered trademarks of their respective owners While every precaution has been taken to ensure accuracy and completeness here Vertiv Group Corp assumes no responsibility and disclaims all liability for damages resulting from use of this information or for any errors or omissions Specifications rebates and other promotional offers are subject to change at Vertiv s sole discretion upon notice 590 1928...